functions/Set-DbaStartupParameter.ps1
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function Set-DbaStartupParameter { <# .SYNOPSIS Sets the Startup Parameters for a SQL Server instance .DESCRIPTION Modifies the startup parameters for a specified SQL Server Instance For full details of what each parameter does, please refer to this MSDN article - https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190737(v=sql.105).aspx .PARAMETER SqlInstance The SQL Server instance to be modified If the Sql Instance is offline path parameters will be ignored as we cannot test the instance's access to the path. If you want to force this to work then please use the Force switch .PARAMETER SqlCredential Login to the target instance using alternative credentials. Accepts PowerShell credentials (Get-Credential). Windows Authentication, SQL Server Authentication, Active Directory - Password, and Active Directory - Integrated are all supported. For MFA support, please use Connect-DbaInstance. .PARAMETER Credential Windows Credential with permission to log on to the server running the SQL instance .PARAMETER MasterData Path to the data file for the Master database Will be ignored if SqlInstance is offline or the Offline switch is set. To override this behaviour use the Force switch. This is to ensure you understand the risk as we cannot validate the path if the instance is offline .PARAMETER MasterLog Path to the log file for the Master database Will be ignored if SqlInstance is offline or the Offline switch is set. To override this behaviour use the Force switch. This is to ensure you understand the risk as we cannot validate the path if the instance is offline .PARAMETER ErrorLog Path to the SQL Server error log file Will be ignored if SqlInstance is offline or the Offline switch is set. To override this behaviour use the Force switch. This is to ensure you understand the risk as we cannot validate the path if the instance is offline .PARAMETER TraceFlag A comma separated list of TraceFlags to be applied at SQL Server startup By default these will be appended to any existing trace flags set .PARAMETER CommandPromptStart Shortens startup time when starting SQL Server from the command prompt. Typically, the SQL Server Database Engine starts as a service by calling the Service Control Manager. Because the SQL Server Database Engine does not start as a service when starting from the command prompt .PARAMETER MinimalStart Starts an instance of SQL Server with minimal configuration. This is useful if the setting of a configuration value (for example, over-committing memory) has prevented the server from starting. Starting SQL Server in minimal configuration mode places SQL Server in single-user mode .PARAMETER MemoryToReserve Specifies an integer number of megabytes (MB) of memory that SQL Server will leave available for memory allocations within the SQL Server process, but outside the SQL Server memory pool. The memory outside of the memory pool is the area used by SQL Server for loading items such as extended procedure .dll files, the OLE DB providers referenced by distributed queries, and automation objects referenced in Transact-SQL statements. The default is 256 MB. .PARAMETER SingleUser Start Sql Server in single user mode .PARAMETER NoLoggingToWinEvents Don't use Windows Application events log .PARAMETER StartAsNamedInstance Allows you to start a named instance of SQL Server .PARAMETER DisableMonitoring Disables the following monitoring features: SQL Server performance monitor counters Keeping CPU time and cache-hit ratio statistics Collecting information for the DBCC SQLPERF command Collecting information for some dynamic management views Many extended-events event points ** Warning *\* When you use the -x startup option, the information that is available for you to diagnose performance and functional problems with SQL Server is greatly reduced. .PARAMETER SingleUserDetails The username for single user .PARAMETER IncreasedExtents Increases the number of extents that are allocated for each file in a file group. .PARAMETER TraceFlagOverride Overrides the default behaviour and replaces any existing trace flags. If not trace flags specified will just remove existing ones .PARAMETER StartupConfig Pass in a previously saved SQL Instance startup config using this parameter will set TraceFlagOverride to true, so existing Trace Flags will be overridden .PARAMETER Offline Setting this switch will try perform the requested actions without connect to the SQL Server Instance, this will speed things up if you know the Instance is offline. When working offline, path inputs (MasterData, MasterLog and ErrorLog) will be ignored, unless Force is specified .PARAMETER Force By default we test the values passed in via MasterData, MasterLog, ErrorLog .PARAMETER WhatIf Shows what would happen if the command were to run. No actions are actually performed. .PARAMETER Confirm Prompts you for confirmation before executing any changing operations within the command. .PARAMETER EnableException By default, when something goes wrong we try to catch it, interpret it and give you a friendly warning message. This avoids overwhelming you with "sea of red" exceptions, but is inconvenient because it basically disables advanced scripting. Using this switch turns this "nice by default" feature off and enables you to catch exceptions with your own try/catch. .NOTES Tags: Startup, Parameter, Configure Author: Stuart Moore (@napalmgram), stuart-moore.com Website: https://dbatools.io Copyright: (c) 2018 by dbatools, licensed under MIT License: MIT https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT .LINK https://dbatools.io/Set-DbaStartupParameter .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Set-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -SingleUser Will configure the SQL Instance server1\instance1 to startup up in Single User mode at next startup .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Set-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance sql2016 -IncreasedExtents Will configure the SQL Instance sql2016 to IncreasedExtents = True (-E) .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Set-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance sql2016 -IncreasedExtents:$false -WhatIf Shows what would happen if you attempted to configure the SQL Instance sql2016 to IncreasedExtents = False (no -E) .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Set-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -TraceFlag 8032,8048 This will append Trace Flags 8032 and 8048 to the startup parameters .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Set-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance sql2016 -SingleUser:$false -TraceFlagOverride This will remove all trace flags and set SingleUser to false .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Set-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -SingleUser -TraceFlag 8032,8048 -TraceFlagOverride This will set Trace Flags 8032 and 8048 to the startup parameters, removing any existing Trace Flags .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Set-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance sql2016 -SingleUser:$false -TraceFlagOverride -Offline This will remove all trace flags and set SingleUser to false from an offline instance .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Set-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance sql2016 -ErrorLog c:\Sql\ -Offline This will attempt to change the ErrorLog path to c:\sql\. However, with the offline switch this will not happen. To force it, use the -Force switch like so: Set-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance sql2016 -ErrorLog c:\Sql\ -Offline -Force .EXAMPLE PS C:\> $StartupConfig = Get-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance server1\instance1 PS C:\> Set-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -SingleUser -NoLoggingToWinEvents PS C:\> #Restart your SQL instance with the tool of choice PS C:\> #Do Some work PS C:\> Set-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -StartupConfig $StartupConfig PS C:\> #Restart your SQL instance with the tool of choice and you're back to normal In this example we take a copy of the existing startup configuration of server1\instance1 We then change the startup parameters ahead of some work After the work has been completed, we can push the original startup parameters back to server1\instance1 and resume normal operation #> [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess, ConfirmImpact = "High")] param ([parameter(Mandatory)] [DbaInstanceParameter[]]$SqlInstance, [PSCredential]$SqlCredential, [PSCredential]$Credential, [string]$MasterData, [string]$MasterLog, [string]$ErrorLog, [string[]]$TraceFlag, [switch]$CommandPromptStart, [switch]$MinimalStart, [int]$MemoryToReserve, [switch]$SingleUser, [string]$SingleUserDetails, [switch]$NoLoggingToWinEvents, [switch]$StartAsNamedInstance, [switch]$DisableMonitoring, [switch]$IncreasedExtents, [switch]$TraceFlagOverride, [object]$StartupConfig, [switch]$Offline, [switch]$Force, [switch]$EnableException ) begin { if ($Force) { $ConfirmPreference = 'none' } $null = Test-ElevationRequirement -ComputerName $SqlInstance[0] } process { if (Test-FunctionInterrupt) { return } foreach ($instance in $SqlInstance) { if (-not $Offline) { try { $server = Connect-SqlInstance -SqlInstance $instance -SqlCredential $SqlCredential } catch { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Failed to connect to $instance, will try to work with just WMI. Path options will be ignored unless Force was indicated" $Server = $instance $Offline = $true } } else { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Offline switch set, proceeding with just WMI" $server = $instance } # Get Current parameters (uses WMI) -- requires elevated session try { $currentStartup = Get-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance $instance -Credential $Credential -EnableException } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Unable to gather current startup parameters" -Target $instance -ErrorRecord $_ return } $originalParamString = $currentStartup.ParameterString Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Original startup parameter string: $originalParamString" if ('StartupConfig' -in $PSBoundParameters.Keys) { Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "startupObject passed in" $newStartup = $StartupConfig $TraceFlagOverride = $true } else { Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "Parameters passed in" $newStartup = $currentStartup.PSObject.Copy() foreach ($param in ($PSBoundParameters.Keys | Where-Object { $_ -in ($newStartup.PSObject.Properties.Name) })) { if ($PSBoundParameters.Item($param) -ne $newStartup.$param) { $newStartup.$param = $PSBoundParameters.Item($param) } } } if (!($currentStartup.SingleUser)) { if ($newStartup.MasterData.Length -gt 0) { if ($Offline -and -not $Force) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Working offline, skipping untested MasterData path" $parameterString += "-d$($currentStartup.MasterData);" } else { if ($Force) { $parameterString += "-d$($newStartup.MasterData);" } elseif (Test-DbaPath -SqlInstance $server -SqlCredential $SqlCredential -Path (Split-Path $newStartup.MasterData -Parent)) { $parameterString += "-d$($newStartup.MasterData);" } else { Stop-Function -Message "Specified folder for MasterData file is not reachable by instance $instance" return } } } else { Stop-Function -Message "MasterData value must be provided" return } if ($newStartup.ErrorLog.Length -gt 0) { if ($Offline -and -not $Force) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Working offline, skipping untested ErrorLog path" $parameterString += "-e$($currentStartup.ErrorLog);" } else { if ($Force) { $parameterString += "-e$($newStartup.ErrorLog);" } elseif (Test-DbaPath -SqlInstance $server -SqlCredential $SqlCredential -Path (Split-Path $newStartup.ErrorLog -Parent)) { $parameterString += "-e$($newStartup.ErrorLog);" } else { Stop-Function -Message "Specified folder for ErrorLog file is not reachable by $instance" return } } } else { Stop-Function -Message "ErrorLog value must be provided" return } if ($newStartup.MasterLog.Length -gt 0) { if ($Offline -and -not $Force) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Working offline, skipping untested MasterLog path" $parameterString += "-l$($currentStartup.MasterLog);" } else { if ($Force) { $parameterString += "-l$($newStartup.MasterLog);" } elseif (Test-DbaPath -SqlInstance $server -SqlCredential $SqlCredential -Path (Split-Path $newStartup.MasterLog -Parent)) { $parameterString += "-l$($newStartup.MasterLog);" } else { Stop-Function -Message "Specified folder for MasterLog file is not reachable by $instance" return } } } else { Stop-Function -Message "MasterLog value must be provided." return } } else { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Instance is presently configured for single user, skipping path validation" if ($newStartup.MasterData.Length -gt 0) { $parameterString += "-d$($newStartup.MasterData);" } else { Stop-Function -Message "Must have a value for MasterData" return } if ($newStartup.ErrorLog.Length -gt 0) { $parameterString += "-e$($newStartup.ErrorLog);" } else { Stop-Function -Message "Must have a value for Errorlog" return } if ($newStartup.MasterLog.Length -gt 0) { $parameterString += "-l$($newStartup.MasterLog);" } else { Stop-Function -Message "Must have a value for MasterLog" return } } if ($newStartup.CommandPromptStart) { $parameterString += "-c;" } if ($newStartup.MinimalStart) { $parameterString += "-f;" } if ($newStartup.MemoryToReserve -notin ($null, 0)) { $parameterString += "-g$($newStartup.MemoryToReserve)" } if ($newStartup.SingleUser) { if ($SingleUserDetails.Length -gt 0) { if ($SingleUserDetails -match ' ') { $SingleUserDetails = """$SingleUserDetails""" } $parameterString += "-m$SingleUserDetails;" } else { $parameterString += "-m;" } } if ($newStartup.NoLoggingToWinEvents) { $parameterString += "-n;" } If ($newStartup.StartAsNamedInstance) { $parameterString += "-s;" } if ($newStartup.DisableMonitoring) { $parameterString += "-x;" } if ($newStartup.IncreasedExtents) { $parameterString += "-E;" } if ($newStartup.TraceFlags -eq 'None') { $newStartup.TraceFlags = '' } if ($TraceFlagOverride -and 'TraceFlag' -in $PSBoundParameters.Keys) { if ($null -ne $TraceFlag -and '' -ne $TraceFlag) { $newStartup.TraceFlags = $TraceFlag -join ',' $parameterString += (($TraceFlag.Split(',') | ForEach-Object { "-T$_" }) -join ';') + ";" } } else { if ('TraceFlag' -in $PSBoundParameters.Keys) { if ($null -eq $TraceFlag) { $TraceFlag = '' } $oldFlags = @($currentStartup.TraceFlags) -split ',' | Where-Object { $_ -ne 'None' } $newFlags = $TraceFlag $newStartup.TraceFlags = (@($oldFlags) + @($newFlags) | Sort-Object -Unique) -join ',' } elseif ($TraceFlagOverride) { $newStartup.TraceFlags = '' } else { $newStartup.TraceFlags = if ($currentStartup.TraceFlags -eq 'None') { } else { $currentStartup.TraceFlags -join ',' } } If ($newStartup.TraceFlags.Length -ne 0) { $parameterString += (($newStartup.TraceFlags.Split(',') | ForEach-Object { "-T$_" }) -join ';') + ";" } } $instanceName = $instance.InstanceName $displayName = "SQL Server ($instanceName)" $scriptBlock = { #Variable marked as unused by PSScriptAnalyzer #$instance = $args[0] $displayName = $args[1] $parameterString = $args[2] $wmiSvc = $wmi.Services | Where-Object { $_.DisplayName -eq $displayName } $wmiSvc.StartupParameters = $parameterString $wmiSvc.Alter() $wmiSvc.Refresh() if ($wmiSvc.StartupParameters -eq $parameterString) { $true } else { $false } } if ($PSCmdlet.ShouldProcess("Setting startup parameters on $instance to $parameterString")) { try { if ($Credential) { $null = Invoke-ManagedComputerCommand -ComputerName $server.ComputerName -Credential $Credential -ScriptBlock $scriptBlock -ArgumentList $server.ComputerName, $displayName, $parameterString -EnableException $output = Get-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance $server.ComputerName -Credential $Credential -EnableException Add-Member -Force -InputObject $output -MemberType NoteProperty -Name OriginalStartupParameters -Value $originalParamString } else { $null = Invoke-ManagedComputerCommand -ComputerName $server.ComputerName -scriptBlock $scriptBlock -ArgumentList $server.ComputerName, $displayName, $parameterString -EnableException $output = Get-DbaStartupParameter -SqlInstance $server.ComputerName -EnableException Add-Member -Force -InputObject $output -MemberType NoteProperty -Name OriginalStartupParameters -Value $originalParamString Add-Member -Force -InputObject $output -MemberType NoteProperty -Name Notes -Value "Startup parameters changed on $instance. You must restart SQL Server for changes to take effect." } $output } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Startup parameter update failed on $instance. " -Target $instance -ErrorRecord $_ return } } } } } |