functions/Copy-DbaDbTableData.ps1
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function Copy-DbaDbTableData { <# .SYNOPSIS Copies data between SQL Server tables. .DESCRIPTION Copies data between SQL Server tables using SQL Bulk Copy. The same can be achieved also doing $sourcetable = Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance instance1 ... -As DataTable Write-DbaDbTableData -SqlInstance ... -InputObject $sourcetable but it will force buffering the contents on the table in memory (high RAM usage for large tables). With this function, a streaming copy will be done in the most speedy and least resource-intensive way. .PARAMETER SqlInstance Source SQL Server.You must have sysadmin access and server version must be SQL Server version 2000 or greater. .PARAMETER SqlCredential Login to the target instance using alternative credentials. Accepts PowerShell credentials (Get-Credential). Windows Authentication, SQL Server Authentication, Active Directory - Password, and Active Directory - Integrated are all supported. For MFA support, please use Connect-DbaInstance. .PARAMETER Destination Destination Sql Server. You must have sysadmin access and server version must be SQL Server version 2000 or greater. .PARAMETER DestinationSqlCredential Login to the target instance using alternative credentials. Accepts PowerShell credentials (Get-Credential). Windows Authentication, SQL Server Authentication, Active Directory - Password, and Active Directory - Integrated are all supported. For MFA support, please use Connect-DbaInstance. .PARAMETER Database The database to copy the table from. .PARAMETER DestinationDatabase The database to copy the table to. If not specified, it is assumed to be the same of Database .PARAMETER Table Define a specific table you would like to use as source. You can specify a three-part name like db.sch.tbl. If the object has special characters please wrap them in square brackets [ ]. This dbo.First.Table will try to find table named 'Table' on schema 'First' and database 'dbo'. The correct way to find table named 'First.Table' on schema 'dbo' is passing dbo.[First.Table] .PARAMETER DestinationTable The table you want to use as destination. If not specified, it is assumed to be the same of Table .PARAMETER Query If you want to copy only a portion of a table or selected tables, specify the query. Ensure to select all required columns. Calculated Columns or columns with default values may be excluded. The tablename should be a full three-part name in form [Database].[Schema].[Table] .PARAMETER AutoCreateTable Creates the destination table if it does not already exist, based off of the "Export..." script of the source table. .PARAMETER BatchSize The BatchSize for the import defaults to 5000. .PARAMETER NotifyAfter Sets the option to show the notification after so many rows of import .PARAMETER NoTableLock If this switch is enabled, a table lock (TABLOCK) will not be placed on the destination table. By default, this operation will lock the destination table while running. .PARAMETER CheckConstraints If this switch is enabled, the SqlBulkCopy option to process check constraints will be enabled. Per Microsoft "Check constraints while data is being inserted. By default, constraints are not checked." .PARAMETER FireTriggers If this switch is enabled, the SqlBulkCopy option to fire insert triggers will be enabled. Per Microsoft "When specified, cause the server to fire the insert triggers for the rows being inserted into the Database." .PARAMETER KeepIdentity If this switch is enabled, the SqlBulkCopy option to preserve source identity values will be enabled. Per Microsoft "Preserve source identity values. When not specified, identity values are assigned by the destination." .PARAMETER KeepNulls If this switch is enabled, the SqlBulkCopy option to preserve NULL values will be enabled. Per Microsoft "Preserve null values in the destination table regardless of the settings for default values. When not specified, null values are replaced by default values where applicable." .PARAMETER Truncate If this switch is enabled, the destination table will be truncated after prompting for confirmation. .PARAMETER BulkCopyTimeOut Value in seconds for the BulkCopy operations timeout. The default is 30 seconds. .PARAMETER InputObject Enables piping of Table objects from Get-DbaDbTable .PARAMETER WhatIf If this switch is enabled, no actions are performed but informational messages will be displayed that explain what would happen if the command were to run. .PARAMETER Confirm If this switch is enabled, you will be prompted for confirmation before executing any operations that change state. .PARAMETER EnableException By default, when something goes wrong we try to catch it, interpret it and give you a friendly warning message. This avoids overwhelming you with "sea of red" exceptions, but is inconvenient because it basically disables advanced scripting. Using this switch turns this "nice by default" feature off and enables you to catch exceptions with your own try/catch. .NOTES Tags: Migration Author: Simone Bizzotto (@niphlod) Website: https://dbatools.io Copyright: (c) 2018 by dbatools, licensed under MIT License: MIT https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT .LINK https://dbatools.io/Copy-DbaDbTableData .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Copy-DbaDbTableData -SqlInstance sql1 -Destination sql2 -Database dbatools_from -Table dbo.test_table Copies all the data from table dbo.test_table in database dbatools_from on sql1 to table test_table in database dbatools_from on sql2. .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Copy-DbaDbTableData -SqlInstance sql1 -Destination sql2 -Database dbatools_from -DestinationDatabase dbatools_dest -Table [Schema].[test table] Copies all the data from table [Schema].[test table] in database dbatools_from on sql1 to table [Schema].[test table] in database dbatools_dest on sql2 .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Get-DbaDbTable -SqlInstance sql1 -Database tempdb -Table tb1, tb2 | Copy-DbaDbTableData -DestinationTable tb3 Copies all data from tables tb1 and tb2 in tempdb on sql1 to tb3 in tempdb on sql1 .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Get-DbaDbTable -SqlInstance sql1 -Database tempdb -Table tb1, tb2 | Copy-DbaDbTableData -Destination sql2 Copies data from tbl1 in tempdb on sql1 to tbl1 in tempdb on sql2 then Copies data from tbl2 in tempdb on sql1 to tbl2 in tempdb on sql2 .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Copy-DbaDbTableData -SqlInstance sql1 -Destination sql2 -Database dbatools_from -Table test_table -KeepIdentity -Truncate Copies all the data in table test_table from sql1 to sql2, using the database dbatools_from, keeping identity columns and truncating the destination .EXAMPLE PS C:\> $params = @{ >> SqlInstance = 'sql1' >> Destination = 'sql2' >> Database = 'dbatools_from' >> DestinationDatabase = 'dbatools_dest' >> Table = '[Schema].[Table]' >> DestinationTable = '[dbo].[Table.Copy]' >> KeepIdentity = $true >> KeepNulls = $true >> Truncate = $true >> BatchSize = 10000 >> } >> PS C:\> Copy-DbaDbTableData @params Copies all the data from table [Schema].[Table] in database dbatools_from on sql1 to table [dbo].[Table.Copy] in database dbatools_dest on sql2 Keeps identity columns and Nulls, truncates the destination and processes in BatchSize of 10000. .EXAMPLE PS C:\> $params = @{ >> SqlInstance = 'server1' >> Destination = 'server1' >> Database = 'AdventureWorks2017' >> DestinationDatabase = 'AdventureWorks2017' >> Table = '[Person].[EmailPromotion]' >> BatchSize = 10000 >> Query = "SELECT * FROM [Person].[Person] where EmailPromotion = 1" >> } >> PS C:\> Copy-DbaDbTableData @params Copies data returned from the query on server1 into the AdventureWorks2017 on server1. Copy is processed in BatchSize of 10000 rows. Presuming the Person.EmailPromotion exists already. #> [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = "Default", SupportsShouldProcess)] param ( [DbaInstanceParameter]$SqlInstance, [PSCredential]$SqlCredential, [DbaInstanceParameter[]]$Destination, [PSCredential]$DestinationSqlCredential, [string]$Database, [string]$DestinationDatabase, [string[]]$Table, [string]$Query, [switch]$AutoCreateTable, [int]$BatchSize = 50000, [int]$NotifyAfter = 5000, [string]$DestinationTable, [switch]$NoTableLock, [switch]$CheckConstraints, [switch]$FireTriggers, [switch]$KeepIdentity, [switch]$KeepNulls, [switch]$Truncate, [int]$bulkCopyTimeOut = 5000, [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline)] [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Table[]]$InputObject, [switch]$EnableException ) begin { # Getting the total rows copied is a challenge. Use SqlBulkCopyExtension. # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1188384/sqlbulkcopy-row-count-when-complete $sourcecode = 'namespace System.Data.SqlClient { using Reflection; public static class SqlBulkCopyExtension { const String _rowsCopiedFieldName = "_rowsCopied"; static FieldInfo _rowsCopiedField = null; public static int RowsCopiedCount(this SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy) { if (_rowsCopiedField == null) _rowsCopiedField = typeof(SqlBulkCopy).GetField(_rowsCopiedFieldName, BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.GetField | BindingFlags.Instance); return (int)_rowsCopiedField.GetValue(bulkCopy); } } }' try { if ($script:core) { #.NET Core has moved most of the System.Data.SqlClient namespace to a separate assembly $SqlClientPath = "$script:PSModuleRoot\bin\smo\coreclr\System.Data.SqlClient.dll" if (Test-Path $SqlClientPath) { #Powershell 6 appears to include a version of System.Data.SqlClient.dll #that often precedes the following statement, but this enures that a version of #the assemble gets loaded before loading our custom class. Add-Type -Path $SqlClientPath } Add-Type -ReferencedAssemblies System.Data.SqlClient.dll -TypeDefinition $sourcecode -ErrorAction Stop } else { Add-Type -ReferencedAssemblies System.Data.dll -TypeDefinition $sourcecode -ErrorAction Stop } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "SqlBulkCopyExtension loaded." } catch { Stop-Function -Message 'Could not load a usable version of SqlBulkCopy.' -ErrorRecord $_ return } $bulkCopyOptions = 0 $options = "TableLock", "CheckConstraints", "FireTriggers", "KeepIdentity", "KeepNulls", "Default" foreach ($option in $options) { $optionValue = Get-Variable $option -ValueOnly -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue if ($option -eq "TableLock" -and (!$NoTableLock)) { $optionValue = $true } if ($optionValue -eq $true) { $bulkCopyOptions += $([Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopyOptions]::$option).value__ } } } process { if ((Test-Bound -Not -ParameterName Table, SqlInstance) -and (Test-Bound -Not -ParameterName InputObject)) { Stop-Function -Message "You must pipe in a table or specify SqlInstance, Database and Table." return } if ($SqlInstance) { if ((Test-Bound -Not -ParameterName Database)) { Stop-Function -Message "Database is required when passing a SqlInstance" -Target $Table return } if ((Test-Bound -Not -ParameterName Destination, DestinationDatabase, DestinationTable)) { Stop-Function -Message "Cannot copy $Table into itself. One of destination Server, Database or Table must be specified " -Target $Table return } try { $server = Connect-SqlInstance -SqlInstance $SqlInstance -SqlCredential $SqlCredential } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Error occurred while establishing connection to $SqlInstance" -Category ConnectionError -ErrorRecord $_ -Target $SqlInstance return } if ($Database -notin $server.Databases.Name) { Stop-Function -Message "Database $Database doesn't exist on $server" return } try { foreach ($tbl in $Table) { $dbTable = Get-DbaDbTable -SqlInstance $server -Table $tbl -Database $Database -EnableException -Verbose:$false if ($dbTable.Count -eq 1) { $InputObject += $dbTable } else { Stop-Function -Message "The table $tbl matches $($dbTable.Count) objects. Unable to determine which object to copy" -Continue } } } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Unable to determine source table : $Table" return } } foreach ($sqltable in $InputObject) { $Database = $sqltable.Parent.Name $server = $sqltable.Parent.Parent if ((Test-Bound -Not -ParameterName DestinationTable)) { $DestinationTable = '[' + $sqltable.Schema + '].[' + $sqltable.Name + ']' } $newTableParts = Get-ObjectNameParts -ObjectName $DestinationTable #using FQTN to determine database name if ($newTableParts.Database) { $DestinationDatabase = $newTableParts.Database } elseif ((Test-Bound -Not -ParameterName DestinationDatabase)) { $DestinationDatabase = $Database } if (-not $Destination) { $Destination = $server } foreach ($destinationserver in $Destination) { try { $destServer = Connect-SqlInstance -SqlInstance $destinationserver -SqlCredential $DestinationSqlCredential } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Error occurred while establishing connection to $instance" -Category ConnectionError -ErrorRecord $_ -Target $destinationserver return } if ($DestinationDatabase -notin $destServer.Databases.Name) { Stop-Function -Message "Database $DestinationDatabase doesn't exist on $destServer" return } $desttable = Get-DbaDbTable -SqlInstance $destServer -Table $DestinationTable -Database $DestinationDatabase -Verbose:$false | Select-Object -First 1 if (-not $desttable -and $AutoCreateTable) { try { $tablescript = $sqltable | Export-DbaScript -Passthru | Out-String #replacing table name if ($newTableParts.Name) { $rX = "(CREATE TABLE \[$([regex]::Escape($sqltable.Schema))\]\.\[)$([regex]::Escape($sqltable.Name))(\]\()" $tablescript = $tablescript -replace $rX, "`$1$($newTableParts.Name)`$2" } #replacing table schema if ($newTableParts.Schema) { $rX = "(CREATE TABLE \[)$([regex]::Escape($sqltable.Schema))(\]\.\[$([regex]::Escape($newTableParts.Name))\]\()" $tablescript = $tablescript -replace $rX, "`$1$($newTableParts.Schema)`$2" } if ($PSCmdlet.ShouldProcess($destServer, "Creating new table: $DestinationTable")) { Write-Message -Message "New table script: $tablescript" -Level VeryVerbose Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance $destServer -Database $DestinationDatabase -Query "$tablescript" -EnableException # add some string assurance there #table list was updated, let's grab a fresh one $destServer.Databases[$DestinationDatabase].Tables.Refresh() $desttable = Get-DbaDbTable -SqlInstance $destServer -Table $DestinationTable -Database $DestinationDatabase -Verbose:$false Write-Message -Message "New table created: $desttable" -Level Verbose } } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Unable to determine destination table: $DestinationTable" -ErrorRecord $_ return } } if (-not $desttable) { Stop-Function -Message "Table $DestinationTable cannot be found in $DestinationDatabase. Use -AutoCreateTable to automatically create the table on the destination." -Continue } $connstring = $destServer.ConnectionContext.ConnectionString if ($server.DatabaseEngineType -eq "SqlAzureDatabase") { $fqtnfrom = "$sqltable" } else { $fqtnfrom = "$($server.Databases[$Database]).$sqltable" } if ($destServer.DatabaseEngineType -eq "SqlAzureDatabase") { $fqtndest = "$desttable" } else { $fqtndest = "$($destServer.Databases[$DestinationDatabase]).$desttable" } if ($fqtndest -eq $fqtnfrom -and $server.Name -eq $destServer.Name -and (Test-Bound -ParameterName Query -Not)) { Stop-Function -Message "Cannot copy $fqtnfrom on $($server.Name) into $fqtndest on ($destServer.Name). Source and Destination must be different " -Target $Table return } if (Test-Bound -ParameterName Query -Not) { $Query = "SELECT * FROM $fqtnfrom" $sourceLabel = $fqtnfrom } else { $sourceLabel = "Query" } try { if ($Truncate -eq $true) { if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destServer, "Truncating table $fqtndest")) { Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance $destServer -Database $DestinationDatabase -Query "TRUNCATE TABLE $fqtndest" -EnableException } } if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($server, "Copy data from $sourceLabel")) { $cmd = $server.ConnectionContext.SqlConnectionObject.CreateCommand() $cmd.CommandTimeout = 0 $cmd.CommandText = $Query if ($server.ConnectionContext.IsOpen -eq $false) { $server.ConnectionContext.SqlConnectionObject.Open() } $bulkCopy = New-Object Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy("$connstring;Database=$DestinationDatabase", $bulkCopyOptions) $bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = $fqtndest $bulkCopy.EnableStreaming = $true $bulkCopy.BatchSize = $BatchSize $bulkCopy.NotifyAfter = $NotifyAfter $bulkCopy.BulkCopyTimeOut = $BulkCopyTimeOut $elapsed = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew() # Add RowCount output $bulkCopy.Add_SqlRowsCopied( { $RowsPerSec = [math]::Round($args[1].RowsCopied / $elapsed.ElapsedMilliseconds * 1000.0, 1) Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Inserting rows" -Status ([System.String]::Format("{0} rows ({1} rows/sec)", $args[1].RowsCopied, $RowsPerSec)) }) } if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destServer, "Writing rows to $fqtndest")) { $reader = $cmd.ExecuteReader() $bulkCopy.WriteToServer($reader) $RowsTotal = [System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopyExtension]::RowsCopiedCount($bulkCopy) $TotalTime = [math]::Round($elapsed.Elapsed.TotalSeconds, 1) Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "$RowsTotal rows inserted in $TotalTime sec" if ($rowCount -is [int]) { Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Inserting rows" -status "Complete" -Completed } $server.ConnectionContext.SqlConnectionObject.Close() $bulkCopy.Close() $bulkCopy.Dispose() $reader.Close() [pscustomobject]@{ SourceInstance = $server.Name SourceDatabase = $Database SourceSchema = $sqltable.Schema SourceTable = $sqltable.Name DestinationInstance = $destServer.Name DestinationDatabase = $DestinationDatabase DestinationSchema = $desttable.Schema DestinationTable = $desttable.Name RowsCopied = $rowstotal Elapsed = [prettytimespan]$elapsed.Elapsed } } } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Something went wrong" -ErrorRecord $_ -Target $server -continue } } } } } |