WakeOnLan.psm1
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<#
Invoke-WakeOnLan Chris Warwick, @cjwarwickps, January 2012. This version, November 2015. Cmdlet to send a Wake-on-Lan packet to a specified target MAC addresses. Wake on Lan (WOL) uses a �Magic Packet� that consists of six bytes of 0xFF (the physical layer broadcast address), followed by 16 copies of the 6-byte (48-bit) target MAC address (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wake-on-LAN). This packet is sent via UDP to the LAN Broadcast addresses (255.255.255.255) on arbitrary Port 4000. Construction of this packet in PowerShell is very straight-forward: (�$Packet = [Byte[]](,0xFF*6)+($Mac*16)�). This script has a (hard-coded) table of saved MAC addresses to allow machine aliases to be specified as parameters to the function (the real addresses have been obfuscated here) and uses a regex to validate MAC address strings. It would be possible to use DNS and the ARP Cache to resolve MAC addresses, however, the ARP cache will only be populated with a valid entry for any given target adapter for a relative short period of time after the last use of the address (10 minutes or less depending on usage); ARP cannot be used to dynamically resolve the address of a suspended adapter. #> #Requires -Version 2 <# .Synopsis This cmdlet sends Wake-on-Lan Magic Packets to the specified Mac addresses. .Description Wake on Lan (WOL) uses a �Magic Packet� that consists of six bytes of 0xFF (the physical layer broadcast address), followed by 16 copies of the 6-byte (48-bit) target MAC address (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wake-on-LAN). This packet is sent via UDP to the LAN Broadcast addresses (255.255.255.255) on arbitrary Port 4000. Construction of this packet in PowerShell is very straight-forward: (�$Packet = [Byte[]](,0xFF*6)+($Mac*16)�). This script has a (hard-coded) table of saved MAC addresses to allow machine aliases to be specified as parameters to the function (the real addresses have been obfuscated here) and uses a regex to validate MAC address strings. The address aliases are contained in a hash table in the script - but they could very easily be obtained from an external source such as a text file or a CSV file (this is left as an exercise for the reader). It would be possible to use DNS and the ARP Cache to resolve MAC addresses, however, the ARP cache will only be populated with a valid entry for any given target adapter for a relative short period of time after the last use of the address (10 minutes or less depending on usage); ARP cannot be used to dynamically resolve the address of a suspended adapter. .Example Invoke-WakeOnLan 00-1F-D0-98-CD-44 Sends WOL packets to the specified address .Example Invoke-WakeOnLan 00-1F-D0-98-CD-44, 00-1D-92-3B-C2-C8 Sends WOL packets to the specified addresses .Example 00-1F-D0-98-CD-44, 00-1D-92-3B-C2-C8 | Invoke-WakeOnLan Sends WOL packets to the specified addresses .Example Invoke-WakeOnLan Server3 Sends WOL packets to the specified target using an alias. The alias must currently be hard-coded in the script. .Inputs An array of MAC addresses. Each address must be specified as a sequence of 6 hex-coded bytes seperated by ':' or '-' The input can also contain aliases - these must currently be hard-coded in the script (see examples) MAC addresses can be piped to the cmdlet. .Outputs Wake-on-Lan packets are sent to the specified addresses .Parameter MacAddress An array of MAC addresses. Each address must be specified as a sequence of 6 hex-coded bytes seperated by ':' or '-' .Functionality Sends Wake-on-Lan Magic Packets to the specified Mac addresses #> Function Invoke-WakeOnLan { [OutputType()] Param ( [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline)] [String[]]$MacAddress ) Begin { # The following table contains aliases for commonly used MAC addresses; modify as required. $StaticLookupTable=@{ Hyperion = '00-1F-D0-98-CD-44' Nova = '00-1D-92-3B-C2-C8' Desktop = '00-15-58-9B-6A-1B' Laptop = '00-17-08-42-D5-18' AD2 = '00-1F-D0-98-CD-5C' Server3 = '00-0E-2E-49-25-32' Media = '1C-6F-65-D7-20-D7' } $UdpClient = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.UdpClient } Process { Foreach ($MacString in $MacAddress) { # Check to see if a known MAC alias has been specified; if so, substitute the corresponding address If ($StaticLookupTable.ContainsKey($MacString)) { Write-Verbose -Message "Found '$MacString' in lookup table" $MacString = $StaticLookupTable[$MacString] } # Validate the MAC address, 6 hex bytes separated by : or - If ($MacString -NotMatch '^([0-9A-F]{2}[:-]){5}([0-9A-F]{2})$') { Write-Warning "Mac address '$MacString' is invalid; must be 6 hex bytes separated by : or -" Continue } # Split and convert the MAC address to an array of bytes $Mac = $MacString.Split('-:') | Foreach {[Byte]"0x$_"} # WOL Packet is a byte array with the first six bytes 0xFF, followed by 16 copies of the MAC address $Packet = [Byte[]](,0xFF * 6) + ($Mac * 16) # Write-Verbose "Broadcast packet: $([BitConverter]::ToString($Packet))" # Un-comment this line to display packet $UdpClient.Connect(([System.Net.IPAddress]::Broadcast),4000) # Send packets to the Broadcast address [Void]$UdpClient.Send($Packet, $Packet.Length) Write-Verbose "Wake-on-Lan Packet sent to $MacString" } } End { $UdpClient.Close() $UdpClient.Dispose() } } |