Cmdlets/IDMGraph.ps1
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Function New-IDMGraphAuthCert{ <# .SYNOPSIS Creates a new self-signed certificate for use with Azure Entra app registration. .DESCRIPTION The function creates a new self-signed certificate for use with Azure Entra app registration. .PARAMETER TenantName Specifies the tenant name (e.g. contoso.onmicrosoft.com) to use for the certificate. .PARAMETER CerOutputPath Specifies the path to export the certificate without the private key. Default is C:\Temp\PowerShellGraphCert.cer .PARAMETER StoreLocation Specifies the cert store location. Default is Cert:\CurrentUser\My .PARAMETER ExpirationDate Specifies the expiration date of the new certificate. Default is 2 years from the current date. .EXAMPLE New-IDMGraphAuthCert -TenantName "contoso.onmicrosoft.com" -CerOutputPath "C:\Temp\PowerShellGraphCert.cer" -StoreLocation "Cert:\CurrentUser\My" -ExpirationDate (Get-Date).AddYears(2) Creates a new self-signed certificate for use with Azure Entra app registration. .NOTES REFERENCE: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/howto-create-service-principal-portal#create-a-new-application-secret REFERENCE: https://adamtheautomator.com/powershell-graph-api/ #> Param( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] $TenantName, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] $CerOutputPath= "$env:Temp\PowerShellGraphCert.cer", [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] $StoreLocation= "Cert:\CurrentUser\My", [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] $ExpirationDate= (Get-Date).AddYears(2) ) # Splat for readability $CreateCertificateSplat = @{ FriendlyName = "AzureApp" DnsName = $TenantName CertStoreLocation = $StoreLocation NotAfter = $ExpirationDate KeyExportPolicy = "Exportable" KeySpec = "Signature" Provider = "Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider" HashAlgorithm = "SHA256" } # Create certificate $Certificate = New-SelfSignedCertificate @CreateCertificateSplat # Get certificate path $CertificatePath = Join-Path -Path $StoreLocation -ChildPath $Certificate.Thumbprint # Export certificate without private key Export-Certificate -Cert $CertificatePath -FilePath $CerOutputPath | Out-Null } Function New-IDMGraphApp{ <# .SYNOPSIS Creates a new Azure Entra app registration with the necessary permissions for Intune device management. .PARAMETER CloudEnvironment Specifies the cloud environment to use. Valid values are Public, USGov, USGovDoD. .PARAMETER appNamePrefix Specifies the prefix for the app name. The app name will be the prefix plus a random identifier. .EXAMPLE New-IDMGraphApp -CloudEnvironment Public -appNamePrefix "IntuneDeviceManagerApp" Creates a new app registration in the public cloud with the name "IntuneDeviceManagerApp-<random identifier>" .LINK https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/microsoftgraph/app-only?view=graph-powershell-1.0&tabs=azure-portal https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/active-directory/verify-first-party-apps-sign-in https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/api/serviceprincipal-post-approleassignments?view=graph-rest-1.0&tabs=powershell#request https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-resource-manager/templates/template-tutorial-deployment-script?tabs=CLI #> [CmdletBinding()] param( [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [ValidateSet('Public','Global','USGov','USGovDoD')] [string] $CloudEnvironment = 'Global', [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] $AppNamePrefix = "IntuneDeviceManagerApp", [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [switch]$AsHashTable ) $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop' #Requires -Modules Microsoft.Graph.Authentication,Microsoft.Graph.Applications Switch($CloudEnvironment){ 'Public' {$GraphEnvironment = 'Global'} 'USGov' { $GraphEnvironment = 'USGov'} 'USGoDoD' { $GraphEnvironment = 'USGovDoD'} default { $GraphEnvironment = 'Global'} } #Connect to Graph Write-Host ("Connecting to Graph...") -ForegroundColor Cyan -NoNewline Connect-MgGraph -Environment $GraphEnvironment -Scopes "Application.ReadWrite.All","User.Read" -NoWelcome Write-Host ("done") -ForegroundColor Green $TenantID = Get-MgContext | Select-Object -ExpandProperty TenantId #Set variables for the app $startDate = Get-Date $endDate = $startDate.AddYears(1) $randomIdentifier = (New-Guid).ToString().Substring(0,8) $appName = ($AppNamePrefix + '-' + $randomIdentifier) #Get Role id for DeviceManagementConfiguration.ReadWrite.All #$GraphResourceId = "d1ddf0e4-d672-4dae-b554-9d5bdfd93547" #Microsoft Intune PowerShell #$GraphResourceId = "14d82eec-204b-4c2f-b7e8-296a70dab67e" #Microsoft Graph PowerShell #$GraphResourceId = "0000000a-0000-0000-c000-000000000000" #Microsoft Intune $GraphResourceId = "00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000" #Microsoft Graph $GraphServicePrincipal = Get-MgServicePrincipal -Filter "AppId eq '$GraphResourceId'" #$GraphServicePrincipal = (Get-MgServicePrincipal -Filter "DisplayName eq 'Microsoft Graph'") $Permissions = $GraphServicePrincipal.AppRoles | Where-Object {$_.value -in $script:GraphScopes} # Create app registration Write-Host ("Creating app registration named: {0}..." -f $appName) -ForegroundColor White -NoNewline $app = New-MgApplication -DisplayName $appName -AppRoles $Permissions # Azure doesn't always update immediately, make sure app exists before we try to update its config $appExists = $false while (!$appExists) { Write-Host "." -NoNewline -ForegroundColor White Start-Sleep -Seconds 2 $appExists = Get-MgApplication -ApplicationId $app.Id } Write-Host ("{0}" -f $app.AppId) -ForegroundColor Green #Create the client secret $PasswordCredentials = @{ StartDateTime = $startDate EndDateTime = $endDate DisplayName = ($appNamePrefix + "_" + ($startDate).ToUniversalTime().ToString("yyyyMMdd")) } Write-Host ("Generating app secret with name: {0}..." -f $PasswordCredentials.DisplayName) -ForegroundColor White -NoNewline $ClientSecret = Add-MgApplicationPassword -ApplicationId $app.Id -PasswordCredential $PasswordCredentials #$ClientSecret | Select-Object -ExpandProperty SecretText Write-Host ("done: {0}..." -f $ClientSecret.SecretText.Substring(0,7)) -ForegroundColor Green Write-Host ("Create corresponding service principal..") -ForegroundColor White -NoNewline # Create corresponding service principal $appSp = New-MgServicePrincipal -AppId $app.AppId Write-Host ("done") -ForegroundColor Green #Grant the DeviceManagementConfiguration.ReadWrite.All permisssions to api #TEST $Permission = $Permissions[0] Foreach($Permission in $Permissions){ Write-Host ("Granting permissions to app: {0}..." -f $Permission.Value) -ForegroundColor White -NoNewline $params = @{ "PrincipalId" = $appSp.id #ObjectID of the enterprise app for my app registration "ResourceId" = $GraphServicePrincipal.Id #ID of graph service principal ID in my tenant "AppRoleId" = $Permission.Id #ID of the graph role } $null = New-MgServicePrincipalAppRoleAssignment -ServicePrincipalId $appSp.id -BodyParameter $params Write-Host ("done") -ForegroundColor Green } $null = Disconnect-MgGraph -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue Write-Host ("App registration created!") -ForegroundColor Cyan #build object to return $appdetails = "" | Select-Object AppId,AppSecret,TenantID,CloudEnvironment $appdetails.TenantID = $TenantID $appdetails.AppId = $app.AppId $appdetails.AppSecret = (ConvertTo-SecureString $ClientSecret.SecretText -AsPlainText -Force) $appdetails.CloudEnvironment = $GraphEnvironment If($AsHashTable){ $ht2 = @{} $appdetails = $appdetails.psobject.properties | Foreach { $ht2[$_.Name] = $_.Value } return $ht2 }Else{ return $appdetails } } Function Update-IDMGraphApp{ [CmdletBinding()] param( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [String]$AppId, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [String]$TenantID, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [ValidateSet('Public','Global','USGov','USGovDoD')] [string]$CloudEnvironment = 'Global', [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string[]]$Permissions, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [switch]$NewSecret, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [switch]$AsHashTable ) $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop' #Requires -Modules Microsoft.Graph.Authentication,Microsoft.Graph.Applications Switch($CloudEnvironment){ 'Public' {$GraphEnvironment = 'Global'} 'USGov' { $GraphEnvironment = 'USGov'} 'USGoDoD' { $GraphEnvironment = 'USGovDoD'} default { $GraphEnvironment = 'Global'} } #Connect to Graph Write-Host ("Connecting to Graph...") -ForegroundColor Cyan -NoNewline Connect-MgGraph -Environment $GraphEnvironment -Scopes "Application.ReadWrite.All","User.Read" -NoWelcome Write-Host ("done") -ForegroundColor Green $TenantID = Get-MgContext | Select-Object -ExpandProperty TenantId #Set variables for the app $AppServicePrincipal = Get-MgServicePrincipal -Filter "AppId eq '$AppId'" If($AppServicePrincipal){ $GraphResourceId = "00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000" #Microsoft Graph $GraphServicePrincipal = Get-MgServicePrincipal -Filter "AppId eq '$GraphResourceId'" Foreach($Permission in $Permissions) { If($GraphServicePrincipal.AppRoles | Where-Object {$_.value -eq $Permission}) { If($AppServicePrincipal.AppRoles | Where-Object {$_.value -eq $Permission}) { Write-Host ("Permission already granted: {0}" -f $Permission) -ForegroundColor Yellow }Else{ $PermissionScope = $GraphServicePrincipal.AppRoles | Where-Object {$_.value -in $Permission} Write-Host ("Granting permissions to app: {0}..." -f $Permission) -ForegroundColor White -NoNewline $params = @{ "PrincipalId" = $AppServicePrincipal.id #ObjectID of the enterprise app for my app registration "ResourceId" = $GraphServicePrincipal.id #ID of graph service principal ID in my tenant "AppRoleId" = $PermissionScope.Id #ID of the graph role } $null = New-MgServicePrincipalAppRoleAssignment -ServicePrincipalId $AppServicePrincipal.id -BodyParameter $params Write-Host ("done") -ForegroundColor Green } }Else{ Write-Host ("Permission not found: {0}" -f $Permission) -ForegroundColor Yellow } } If($NewSecret){ $AppEnterpriseApplication = Get-MgApplication -Filter "AppId eq '$AppId'" #Create the client secret $startDate = Get-Date $endDate = $startDate.AddYears(1) $PasswordCredentials = @{ StartDateTime = $startDate EndDateTime = $endDate DisplayName = ($AppServicePrincipal.DisplayName.Split('-')[0] + "_" + ($startDate).ToUniversalTime().ToString("yyyyMMdd")) } Write-Host ("Generating app secret with name: {0}..." -f $PasswordCredentials.DisplayName) -ForegroundColor White -NoNewline $ClientSecret = Add-MgApplicationPassword -ApplicationId $AppEnterpriseApplication.Id -PasswordCredential $PasswordCredentials Write-Host ("done: {0}..." -f $ClientSecret.SecretText.Substring(0,7)) -ForegroundColor Green } $null = Disconnect-MgGraph -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue #build object to return $appdetails = "" | Select-Object AppId,AppSecret,TenantID,CloudEnvironment $appdetails.TenantID = $TenantID $appdetails.AppId = $AppServicePrincipal.AppId $appdetails.AppSecret = (ConvertTo-SecureString $ClientSecret.SecretText -AsPlainText -Force) $appdetails.CloudEnvironment = $GraphEnvironment If($AsHashTable){ $ht2 = @{} $appdetails = $appdetails.psobject.properties | Foreach { $ht2[$_.Name] = $_.Value } return $ht2 }Else{ return $appdetails } Write-Host ("App registration updated!") -ForegroundColor Cyan }else { Write-Error ("Appid not found [{0}]. Run New-IDMGraphApp or specifiy a different AppId" -f $AppId) } } Function Add-IDMGraphAppCertAuth{ Param( [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [ValidateSet('Public','Global','USGov','USGovDoD')] [string] $CloudEnvironment = 'Global', [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] $TenantName, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] $AppId, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] $CertificateThumbprint, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] $StoreLocation= "Cert:\CurrentUser\My" ) switch ($CloudEnvironment) { 'Global' {$AzureEndpoint = 'https://login.microsoftonline.com';$graphEndpoint = 'https://graph.microsoft.com'} 'USGov' {$AzureEndpoint = 'https://login.microsoftonline.us';$graphEndpoint = 'https://graph.microsoft.us'} 'USGovDoD' {$AzureEndpoint = 'https://login.microsoftonline.us';$graphEndpoint = 'https://dod-graph.microsoft.us'} default {$AzureEndpoint = 'https://login.microsoftonline.com';$graphEndpoint = 'https://graph.microsoft.com'} } $Scope = "$graphEndpoint/.default" $Certificate = Get-Item "$StoreLocation\$CertificateThumbprint" # Create base64 hash of certificate $CertificateBase64Hash = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String($Certificate.GetCertHash()) # Create JWT timestamp for expiration $StartDate = (Get-Date "1970-01-01T00:00:00Z" ).ToUniversalTime() $JWTExpirationTimeSpan = (New-TimeSpan -Start $StartDate -End (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().AddMinutes(2)).TotalSeconds $JWTExpiration = [math]::Round($JWTExpirationTimeSpan,0) # Create JWT validity start timestamp $NotBeforeExpirationTimeSpan = (New-TimeSpan -Start $StartDate -End ((Get-Date).ToUniversalTime())).TotalSeconds $NotBefore = [math]::Round($NotBeforeExpirationTimeSpan,0) # Create JWT header $JWTHeader = @{ alg = "RS256" typ = "JWT" # Use the CertificateBase64Hash and replace/strip to match web encoding of base64 x5t = $CertificateBase64Hash -replace '\+','-' -replace '/','_' -replace '=' } # Create JWT payload $JWTPayLoad = @{ # What endpoint is allowed to use this JWT aud = "$AzureEndpoint/$TenantName/oauth2/token" # Expiration timestamp exp = $JWTExpiration # Issuer = your application iss = $AppId # JWT ID: random guid jti = [guid]::NewGuid() # Not to be used before nbf = $NotBefore # JWT Subject sub = $AppId } # Convert header and payload to base64 $JWTHeaderToByte = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes(($JWTHeader | ConvertTo-Json)) $EncodedHeader = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String($JWTHeaderToByte) $JWTPayLoadToByte = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes(($JWTPayload | ConvertTo-Json)) $EncodedPayload = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String($JWTPayLoadToByte) # Join header and Payload with "." to create a valid (unsigned) JWT $JWT = $EncodedHeader + "." + $EncodedPayload # Get the private key object of your certificate $PrivateKey = $Certificate.PrivateKey # Define RSA signature and hashing algorithm $RSAPadding = [Security.Cryptography.RSASignaturePadding]::Pkcs1 $HashAlgorithm = [Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithmName]::SHA256 # Create a signature of the JWT $Signature = [Convert]::ToBase64String( $PrivateKey.SignData([System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($JWT),$HashAlgorithm,$RSAPadding) ) -replace '\+','-' -replace '/','_' -replace '=' # Join the signature to the JWT with "." $JWT = $JWT + "." + $Signature # Create a hash with body parameters $Body = @{ client_id = $AppId client_assertion = $JWT client_assertion_type = "urn:ietf:params:oauth:client-assertion-type:jwt-bearer" scope = $Scope grant_type = "client_credentials" } $Url = "$AzureEndpoint/$TenantName/oauth2/v2.0/token" # Use the self-generated JWT as Authorization $Header = @{ Authorization = "Bearer $JWT" } # Splat the parameters for Invoke-Restmethod for cleaner code $PostSplat = @{ ContentType = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' Method = 'POST' Body = $Body Uri = $Url Headers = $Header } $Request = Invoke-RestMethod @PostSplat return $Request } Function Get-IDMGraphAppAuthToken { <# .SYNOPSIS Authenticates to the Graph API via the Microsoft.Graph.Intune module using app-based authentication. .DESCRIPTION The Connect-IDMGraphApp cmdlet is a wrapper cmdlet that helps authenticate to the Graph API using the Microsoft.Graph.Intune module. It leverages an Azure Entra app ID and app secret for authentication. See https://oofhours.com/2019/11/29/app-based-authentication-with-intune/ for more information. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/howto-create-service-principal-portal#create-a-new-application-secret .PARAMETER Tenant Specifies the tenant (e.g. contoso.onmicrosoft.com) to which to authenticate. .PARAMETER AppId Specifies the Azure Entra app ID (GUID) for the application that will be used to authenticate. .PARAMETER AppSecret Specifies the Azure Entra app secret corresponding to the app ID that will be used to authenticate. .PARAMETER AESKey Specifies the AES key used to encrypt the app secret. This is required if the app secret is encrypted. .EXAMPLE $app = New-IDMGraphApp -CloudEnvironment Public -appNamePrefix "IntuneDeviceManagerApp" -AsHashTable $token = Get-IDMGraphAppAuthToken @app -ReturnToken #> [cmdletbinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [ValidateSet('Public','Global','USGov','USGovDoD')] [string] $CloudEnvironment = 'Global', [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] [Alias('ClientId')] [String]$AppId, [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] [Alias('Tenant')] [String]$TenantID, [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] [Alias('ClientSecret')] $AppSecret, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string[]]$AESKey, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [switch]$ReturnToken ) switch ($CloudEnvironment) { 'Global' {$AzureEndpoint = 'https://login.microsoftonline.com';$graphEndpoint = 'https://graph.microsoft.com'} 'USGov' {$AzureEndpoint = 'https://login.microsoftonline.us';$graphEndpoint = 'https://graph.microsoft.us'} 'USGovDoD' {$AzureEndpoint = 'https://login.microsoftonline.us';$graphEndpoint = 'https://dod-graph.microsoft.us'} default {$AzureEndpoint = 'https://login.microsoftonline.com';$graphEndpoint = 'https://graph.microsoft.com'} } If($AESKey){ $AppSecret = $AppSecret | ConvertTo-SecureString -Key $AESKey $SecureStringParams = @{ Key = $AESKey AsPlainText = $true } }Else{ $SecureStringParams = @{ AsPlainText = $true } } try { $Body = @{ Grant_Type = "client_credentials" Scope = "$graphEndpoint/.default" client_Id = $AppId Client_Secret = ($AppSecret | ConvertFrom-SecureString @SecureStringParams) } $ConnectGraph = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "$AzureEndpoint/$TenantID/oauth2/v2.0/token" -Method POST -Body $Body -ErrorAction Stop $token = $ConnectGraph.access_token #format the date correctly $ExpiresOnMinutes = $ConnectGraph.expires_in / 60 $ExpiresOn = (Get-Date).AddMinutes($ExpiresOnMinutes).ToString("M/d/yyyy hh:mm tt +00:00") # Creating header for Authorization token $authHeader = @{ 'Content-Type'='application/json' 'Authorization'="Bearer " + $token 'ExpiresOn'=$ExpiresOn } } Catch{ Write-Error ("{0}: {1}" -f $_.Exception.ItemName, $_.Exception.Message) } If($ReturnToken){ return $token } else{ return $authHeader } } function Connect-IDMGraphApp{ <# .SYNOPSIS This function is used to authenticate with the Graph API REST interface .DESCRIPTION The function authenticate with the Graph API Interface with the tenant name .PARAMETER User Must be in UPN format (email). This is the user principal name (eg user@domain.com) .EXAMPLE Get-IDMGraphAuthToken Authenticates you with the Graph API interface .EXAMPLE Get-IDMGraphAuthToken -cloudEnvironment USGov -AppAuthToken $Token Authenticates you with the Graph API interface using the app token .NOTES Requires: Microsoft.Graph.Authentication module .LINK Reference: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/deployments #> [cmdletbinding()] param( [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [ValidateSet('Global','USGov','USGovDoD')] [string] $CloudEnvironment = 'Global', [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] $AppAuthToken ) If($AppAuthToken) { #retrieve token and secure it If($AppAuthToken.Authorization){ $SecureToken = ConvertTo-SecureString ($AppAuthToken.Authorization.Replace('Bearer','').Trim()) -AsPlainText -Force }Else{ $SecureToken = ConvertTo-SecureString $AppAuthToken -AsPlainText -Force } Try{ Connect-MgGraph -Environment $CloudEnvironment -AccessToken $SecureToken -NoWelcome } Catch{ Write-Error ("{0}: {1}" -f $_.Exception.ItemName, $_.Exception.Message) } }Else{ Try{ Connect-MgGraph -Environment $CloudEnvironment -Scopes $script:GraphScopes -NoWelcome } Catch{ Write-Error ("{0}: {1}" -f $_.Exception.ItemName, $_.Exception.Message) } } $context = Get-MgContext #Set global variable for graph endpoint switch ($context.Environment) { 'Global' {$Global:GraphEndpoint = 'https://graph.microsoft.com'} 'USGov' {$Global:GraphEndpoint = 'https://graph.microsoft.us'} 'USGovDoD' {$Global:GraphEndpoint = 'https://dod-graph.microsoft.us'} default {$Global:GraphEndpoint = 'https://graph.microsoft.com'} } return $context } function Update-IDMGraphAppAuthToken{ <# .SYNOPSIS Refreshes an access token based on refresh token .PARAMETER Token Token is the existing refresh token .PARAMETER tenantID This is the tenant ID in GUID format .PARAMETER ClientID This is the app reg client ID in GUID format .PARAMETER Secret This is the client secret .PARAMETER Scope An array of access scope, default is: "Group.ReadWrite.All" & "User.ReadWrite.All" .LINK Reference: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/auth-v2-user#3-get-a-token Reference: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity-platform/authentication-national-cloud #> Param( [parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [String]$Token, [parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [String]$TenantID, [parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [String]$ClientID, [parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [String]$Secret, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [ValidateSet('Global','USGov','USGovDoD')] [string] $CloudEnvironment = 'Global', [parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [String[]]$Scope = @("Group.ReadWrite.All","User.ReadWrite.All") ) # Defining graph variables $oAuthApiVersion = "v2.0" switch ($CloudEnvironment) { 'Global' {$AzureEndpoint = 'https://login.microsoftonline.com';$graphEndpoint = 'https://graph.microsoft.com'} 'USGov' {$AzureEndpoint = 'https://login.microsoftonline.us';$graphEndpoint = 'https://graph.microsoft.us'} 'USGovDoD' {$AzureEndpoint = 'https://login.microsoftonline.us';$graphEndpoint = 'https://dod-graph.microsoft.us'} } $uri = "$AzureEndpoint/$TenantID/oauth2/$oAuthApiVersion/token" $bodyHash = @{ client_id = $ClientID scope = ($Scope -join ' ') refresh_token = $Token #redirect_uri =' http://localhost' redirect_uri = ($graphEndpoint + '/.default') grant_type = 'refresh_token' client_secret = $Secret } $body = ($bodyHash.GetEnumerator() | Foreach {$_.key +'='+ [System.Web.HttpUtility]::UrlEncode($_.Value)}) -Join '&' try { Write-Verbose "GET $uri" $Response = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $uri -body $body -ContentType 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' -Method Post -ErrorAction Stop } catch { Write-ErrorResponse($_) } #$PSDefaultParameterValues['Invoke-MgGraphRequest:Headers'] = $Response return $Response } Function Invoke-IDMGraphBatchRequests{ <# .SYNOPSIS Invoke GET method to Microsoft Graph Rest API using batch method .DESCRIPTION Invoke Rest method using the get method but do it using collection of Get requests as one batch request .PARAMETER $Uri Specify graph uri(s) for requests .PARAMETER Headers Header for Graph bearer token. Must be in hashtable format: Name Value ---- ----- Authorization = 'Bearer eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJub25jZSI6ImVhMnZPQjlqSmNDOTExcVJtNE1EaEpCd2YyVmRyNXlodjRqejFOOUZhNmciLCJhbGci...' Content-Type = 'application/json' ExpiresOn = '7/29/2022 7:55:14 PM +00:00' Use command: $AuthToken = Get-IDMGraphAuthToken -User (Connect-MSGraph).UPN .PARAMETER Passthru Using -Passthru will out graph data including next link and context. Value contains devices. No Passthru will out value only .EXAMPLE $Uri = 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/managedDevices' Invoke-IDMGraphBatchRequests -Uri $Uri -Headers $AuthToken .EXAMPLE $UriResources = @( 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/users/79e27b13-bf4d-47d9-a820-5ee8955fcfb4/memberOf' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/devices/09692e55-e52c-465b-b2dd-a4e9ed77c428/memberOf' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceCompliancePolicies' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceComplianceScripts' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceConfigurations' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceEnrollmentConfigurations' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceHealthScripts' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceManagementScripts' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/roleScopeTags' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/windowsQualityUpdateProfiles' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/windowsFeatureUpdateProfiles' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceAppManagement/windowsInformationProtectionPolicies' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceAppManagement/mdmWindowsInformationProtectionPolicies' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceAppManagement/mobileApps' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceAppManagement/policysets' ) $uri = $UriResources $Response = $UriResources | Invoke-IDMGraphBatchRequests -Headers $Global:AuthToken -verbose .EXAMPLE Invoke-IDMGraphBatchRequests -Uri 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/managedDevices' -Headers $Global:AuthToken -Passthru .LINK https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/sdks/batch-requests?tabs=csharp https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/json-batching #> [cmdletbinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory=$True,ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true,ValueFromPipeline=$true,HelpMessage="Specify Uri or array or Uris")] [string[]]$Uri, [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)] [hashtable]$Headers, [switch]$Passthru ) Begin{ $graphApiVersion = "beta" $Method = 'GET' $batch = @() $i = 1 #Build custom object for assignment $BatchProperties = "" | Select requests If(-Not(Get-MgContext)){ Write-Error "Graph endpoint not found. Please authenticate with Get-IDMGraphAuthToken or Connect-MgGraph first" } } Process{ Foreach($url in $Uri | Select -Unique) { $URLRequests = "" | Select id,method,url $URLRequests.id = $i $URLRequests.method = $Method $URLRequests.url = $url.replace("$Global:GraphEndpoint/$graphApiVersion",'') $i++ $batch += $URLRequests } } End{ $BatchProperties.requests = $batch #convert body to json $BatchBody = $BatchProperties | ConvertTo-Json Write-Verbose $BatchBody $RestParams = @{ Uri = "$Global:GraphEndpoint/$graphApiVersion/`$batch" Method = 'Post' Body = $BatchBody } If($Headers){ $RestParams += @{ Headers = $Headers } } try { Write-Verbose "Get $batchUri" #$Responses = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $batchUri -Headers $Headers -Method Post -Body $BatchBody $Responses = (Invoke-MgGraphRequest @RestParams -ErrorAction Stop).responses } catch { Write-ErrorResponse($_) } If($Passthru){ #return raw results (including uri, value, next link) Return $Responses } Else{ $BatchResponses = @() #$i= 0 #TEST = ($bodyValue = $Responses.body[0]).Value foreach($body in $Responses.body) { If($null -ne $body.Value){ $BatchResponses += ConvertFrom-GraphHashtable -GraphData $body.Value ` -ResourceUri ($body.'@odata.context'.replace('$metadata#','')) } #$i++ } return $BatchResponses } <# If($Passthru){ return $Responses } Else{ $BatchResponses = @() $i=0 foreach($Element in $Response.body){ $hashtable = @{} Foreach($Item in $Element.value){ foreach( $property in $Item.psobject.properties.name ) { $hashtable[$property] = $Item.$property } $hashtable['uri'] = "$Global:GraphEndpoint/$graphApiVersion/" + $Item[$i].url + '/' + $Item.id #$hashtable['type'] = (Split-Path $Element.'@odata.context' -Leaf).replace('$metadata#','') $Object = New-Object PSObject -Property $hashtable $BatchResponses += $Object } $i++ } return $BatchResponses } #> } } Function Invoke-IDMGraphRequests{ <# .SYNOPSIS Invoke GET method to Microsoft Graph Rest API in multithread .DESCRIPTION Invoke Rest method using the get method but do it using a pool of runspaces .PARAMETER $Uri Specify graph uri(s) for requests .PARAMETER Headers Header for Graph bearer token. Must be in hashtable format: Name Value ---- ----- Authorization = 'Bearer eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJub25jZSI6ImVhMnZPQjlqSmNDOTExcVJtNE1EaEpCd2YyVmRyNXlodjRqejFOOUZhNmciLCJhbGci...' Content-Type = 'application/json' ExpiresOn = '7/29/2022 7:55:14 PM +00:00' Use command: $AuthToken = Get-IDMGraphAuthToken -User (Connect-MSGraph).UPN .PARAMETER Threads Integer. Defaults to 15. Don't change unless needed (for slower CPU's) .PARAMETER Passthru Using -Passthru will out graph data including next link and context. Value property contains results. No Passthru will out value only .EXAMPLE $Uri = 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/managedDevices' Invoke-IDMGraphRequests -Uri $Uri .EXAMPLE $Uri = @( 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceCompliancePolicies' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceComplianceScripts' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceConfigurations' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceEnrollmentConfigurations' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceHealthScripts' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceManagementScripts' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/roleScopeTags' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/windowsQualityUpdateProfiles' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/windowsFeatureUpdateProfiles' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceAppManagement/windowsInformationProtectionPolicies' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceAppManagement/mdmWindowsInformationProtectionPolicies' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceAppManagement/mobileApps' 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceAppManagement/policysets' ) $Responses = $Uri | Invoke-IDMGraphRequests -Threads $Uri.count -passthru .EXAMPLE Invoke-IDMGraphRequests -Uri 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/managedDevices' -Passthru Invoke-IDMGraphRequests -Uri 'https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/roleScopeTags' -Passthru .LINK https://b-blog.info/en/implement-multi-threading-with-net-runspaces-in-powershell.html https://adamtheautomator.com/powershell-multithreading/ #> [cmdletbinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory=$True,ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true,ValueFromPipeline=$true,HelpMessage="Specify Uri or array or Uris")] [string[]]$Uri, [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)] [hashtable]$Headers, [int]$Threads = 15, [switch]$Passthru ) Begin{ #initialSessionState will hold typeDatas and functions that will be passed to every runspace. $initialSessionState = [System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.InitialSessionState]::CreateDefault(); #define function to run function Get-RestData { param ( [Parameter(Mandatory=$true,Position=0)][string]$Uri, [Parameter(Mandatory=$False,Position=1)][hashtable]$Headers ) $RestParams = @{ Uri = $Uri Method = 'Get' } If($Headers){ $RestParams += @{ Headers = $Headers } } try { #$response = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $Uri -Headers $Headers -Method Get -DisableKeepAlive -ErrorAction Stop $response = Invoke-MgGraphRequest @RestParams -ErrorAction Stop } catch { $ex = $_.Exception $errorResponse = $ex.Response.GetResponseStream() $reader = New-Object System.IO.StreamReader($errorResponse) $reader.BaseStream.Position = 0 $reader.DiscardBufferedData() $responseBody = $reader.ReadToEnd(); Write-Error ("{0}: Error Status: {1}; {2}" -f $uri,$ex.Response.StatusCode,$responseBody) } return $response } #add function to the initialSessionState $GetRestData_def = Get-Content Function:\Get-RestData $GetRestDataSessionStateFunction = New-Object System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.SessionStateFunctionEntry -ArgumentList 'Get-RestData', $GetRestData_def $initialSessionState.Commands.Add($GetRestDataSessionStateFunction) #define your TypeData (Makes the output as object later on) $init = @{ MemberName = 'Init'; MemberType = 'ScriptMethod'; Value = { Add-Member -InputObject $this -MemberType NoteProperty -Name uri -Value $null Add-Member -InputObject $this -MemberType NoteProperty -Name headers -Value $null Add-Member -InputObject $this -MemberType NoteProperty -Name rawdata -Value $null }; Force = $true; } # and initiate the function call to add to session state: $populate = @{ MemberName = 'Populate'; MemberType = 'ScriptMethod'; Value = { param ( [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$Uri, [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][hashtable]$Headers ) $this.uri = $Uri $this.headers = $Headers $this.rawdata = (Get-RestData -Uri $Uri -Headers $Headers) }; Force = $true; } #TEST $populate.Value Update-TypeData -TypeName 'Custom.Object' @Init; Update-TypeData -TypeName 'Custom.Object' @Populate; $customObject_typeEntry = New-Object System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.SessionStateTypeEntry -ArgumentList $(Get-TypeData Custom.Object), $false; $initialSessionState.Types.Add($customObject_typeEntry); #define our main, entry point to runspace $ScriptBlock = { Param ( [PSCustomObject]$Uri, $Headers ) #build object and $page = [PsCustomObject]@{PsTypeName ='Custom.Object'}; $page.Init(); $page.Populate($Uri,$Headers); $Result = New-Object PSObject -Property @{ uri = $page.Uri #value = $page.value value = $page.rawdata.value nextlink = $page.rawdata.'@odata.nextLink' }; return $Result; } #build Runsapce threads $RunspacePool = [RunspaceFactory]::CreateRunspacePool(1, $Threads, $initialSessionState, $Host); $RunspacePool.Open(); $Jobs = @(); } Process{ #START THE JOB $i = 0; foreach($url in $Uri) { #$Uri - some array of uris $i++; #call scriptblock with arguments $Job = [powershell]::Create().AddScript($ScriptBlock).AddArgument($url).AddArgument($Headers); $Job.RunspacePool = $RunspacePool; $Jobs += New-Object PSObject -Property @{ RunNum = $i; Pipe = $Job; Result = $Job.BeginInvoke(); } } } End{ $results = @(); #TEST $job = $jobs foreach ($Job in $Jobs) { $Result = $Job.Pipe.EndInvoke($Job.Result) #add uri to object list if passthru used $Results += $Result } If($Passthru){ #return raw results (including uri, value, next link) Return $Results } Else{ #build object to return with combined uri and value $Responses = @() #$i=0 foreach($item in $Results){ $Responses += ConvertFrom-GraphHashtable -GraphData $item.Value -ResourceUri ($item.uri) #$i++ } <# #loop through each uri Foreach($uri in $Results.uri){ #loop through each item to build object #TEST $Item = $Results.value[0] Foreach($item in $Results.value){ $hashtable = @{} #TEST $property = $item.GetEnumerator() | select -first 1 foreach( $property in $item.GetEnumerator() ) { $hashtable[$property.Name] = $property.Value } $hashtable['uri'] = ($Results[$i].uri + '/' + $item.id) #convert hashtable to object $Object = New-Object PSObject -Property $hashtable $Responses += $Object } $i++ } #> return $Responses } } } |