DefenderForIdentity

1.0.0.3

DefenderForIdentity.psm1

<#
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
MIT License
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED *AS IS*, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
#>

#requires -Version 4.0
#requires -Modules ActiveDirectory, GroupPolicy

#region General settings

$script:settings = @{

    gpoNamePrefix                  = 'Microsoft Defender for Identity'

    gpoExtensions                  = @{
        'Core GPO Engine'                                = '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000'
        'Tool Extension GUID (Computer Policy Settings)' = '0F6B957D-509E-11D1-A7CC-0000F87571E3'
        'Security'                                       = '827D319E-6EAC-11D2-A4EA-00C04F79F83A'
        'Computer Restricted Groups'                     = '803E14A0-B4FB-11D0-A0D0-00A0C90F574B'
        'Preference Tool CSE GUID Registry'              = 'BEE07A6A-EC9F-4659-B8C9-0B1937907C83'
        'Preference CSE GUID Registry'                   = 'B087BE9D-ED37-454F-AF9C-04291E351182'
        'Audit Configuration Extension'                  = '0F3F3735-573D-9804-99E4-AB2A69BA5FD4'
        'Audit Policy Configuration'                     = 'F3CCC681-B74C-4060-9F26-CD84525DCA2A'
    }

    ProcessorPerformance           = @{
        GpoName    = '{0} - Processor Performance'
        SchemeGuid = '8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c'
        Key        = 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Power\PowerSettings'
        ValueName  = 'ActivePowerScheme'
    }

    RemoteSAM                      = @{
        GpoName           = '{0} - Remote SAM Access'
        GpoRegSet         = @{
            'System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\RestrictRemoteSAM=1' = 'O:BAG:BAD:(A;;RC;;;BA)(A;;RC;;;{0})'
        }
        RegistrySet       = @{
            'System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\RestrictRemoteSAM' = 'O:BAG:BAD:(A;;RC;;;BA)(A;;RC;;;{0})'
        }
        DenyGPPermissions = [ordered]@{
            '{0}-516' = 'GpoApply'
        }
    }

    NTLMAuditing                   = @{
        GpoName     = '{0} - NTLM Auditing for DCs'
        RegistrySet = @{
            'System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\MSV1_0\AuditReceivingNTLMTraffic'   = '2'
            'System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\MSV1_0\RestrictSendingNTLMTraffic'  = '1|2'
            'System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Netlogon\Parameters\AuditNTLMInDomain' = '7'
        }
    }

    EntraConnectAuditing           = @{
        GpoName  = '{0} - Advanced Audit and URA Policy for Entra Connect'
        GptSet   = @{
            'SeServiceLogonRight' = '*{0},*S-1-5-80-0'
        }
        AuditSet = @'
Machine Name,Policy Target,Subcategory,Subcategory GUID,Inclusion Setting,Exclusion Setting,Setting Value
,System,Audit Logon,{0cce9215-69ae-11d9-bed3-505054503030},Success and Failure,,3
'@
    }

    CAAuditing                     = @{
        GpoName       = '{0} - Auditing for CAs'
        GpoVal        = @{ 'AuditFilter' = 127 }
        GpoReg        = 'System\CurrentControlSet\Services\CertSvc\Configuration\%DomainName%-%ComputerName%-CA'
        RegPathActive = 'System\CurrentControlSet\Services\CertSvc\Configuration\Active'
        RegistrySet   = @{
            'System\CurrentControlSet\Services\CertSvc\Configuration\{0}\AuditFilter' = 127
        }
        GPPermissions = [ordered]@{
            '{0}-517'  = 'GpoApply'
            '{0}-516'  = 'GpoRead'
            'S-1-5-11' = 'GpoRead'
        }
    }

    AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs         = @{
        GpoName        = '{0} - Advanced Audit Policy for DCs'
        PolicySettings = @'
Machine Name,Policy Target,Subcategory,Subcategory GUID,Inclusion Setting,Exclusion Setting,Setting Value
,System,Security System Extension,{0CCE9211-69AE-11D9-BED3-505054503030},Success and Failure,,3
,System,Distribution Group Management,{0CCE9238-69AE-11D9-BED3-505054503030},Success and Failure,,3
,System,Security Group Management,{0CCE9237-69AE-11D9-BED3-505054503030},Success and Failure,,3
,System,Computer Account Management,{0CCE9236-69AE-11D9-BED3-505054503030},Success and Failure,,3
,System,User Account Management,{0CCE9235-69AE-11D9-BED3-505054503030},Success and Failure,,3
,System,Directory Service Access,{0CCE923B-69AE-11D9-BED3-505054503030},Success and Failure,,3
,System,Directory Service Changes,{0CCE923C-69AE-11D9-BED3-505054503030},Success and Failure,,3
,System,Credential Validation,{0CCE923F-69AE-11D9-BED3-505054503030},Success and Failure,,3
'@
    }

    AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs         = @{
        GpoName        = '{0} - Advanced Audit Policy for CAs'
        PolicySettings = @'
Machine Name,Policy Target,Subcategory,Subcategory GUID,Inclusion Setting,Exclusion Setting,Setting Value
,System,Audit Certification Services,{0cce9221-69ae-11d9-bed3-505054503030},Success and Failure,,3
'@
        GPPermissions  = [ordered]@{
            '{0}-517'  = 'GpoApply'
            '{0}-516'  = 'GpoRead'
            'S-1-5-11' = 'GpoRead'
        }
    }

    ObjectAuditing                 = @{
        Path     = 'AD:\{0}'
        Auditing = @'
SecurityIdentifier,AccessMask,AuditFlagsValue,InheritedObjectAceType,Description,InheritanceType,PropagationFlags
S-1-1-0,852331,1,bf967aba-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2,Descendant User Objects,2,2
S-1-1-0,852331,1,bf967a9c-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2,Descendant Group Objects,2,2
S-1-1-0,852331,1,bf967a86-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2,Descendant Computer Objects,2,2
S-1-1-0,852331,1,ce206244-5827-4a86-ba1c-1c0c386c1b64,Descendant msDS-ManagedServiceAccount Objects,2,2
S-1-1-0,852075,1,7b8b558a-93a5-4af7-adca-c017e67f1057,Descendant msDS-GroupManagedServiceAccount Objects,2,2
'@ | ConvertFrom-Csv
    }

    ConfigurationContainerAuditing = @{
        Validate = 'LDAP://CN=Microsoft Exchange,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,{0}'
        Path     = 'AD:\CN=Configuration,{0}'
        Auditing = @'
SecurityIdentifier,AccessMask,AuditFlagsValue,AceFlagsValue,InheritedObjectAceType,InheritanceType,PropagationFlags
S-1-1-0,32,3,194,00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000,1,0
'@ | ConvertFrom-Csv
    }

    AdfsAuditing                   = @{
        Validate = 'LDAP://CN=ADFS,CN=Microsoft,CN=Program Data,{0}'
        Path     = 'AD:\CN=ADFS,CN=Microsoft,CN=Program Data,{0}'
        Auditing = @'
SecurityIdentifier,AccessMask,AuditFlagsValue,AceFlagsValue,InheritedObjectAceType,InheritanceType,PropagationFlags
S-1-1-0,48,3,194,00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000,1,0
'@ | ConvertFrom-Csv
    }

    SensitiveGroups                = @{
        'Administrators'              = 'S-1-5-32-544'
        'Account Operators'           = 'S-1-5-32-548'
        'Backup Operators'            = 'S-1-5-32-551'
        'Domain Admins'               = '{0}-512'
        'Domain Controllers'          = '{0}-516'
        'Enterprise Admins'           = '{0}-519'
        'Group Policy Creator Owners' = '{0}-520'
        'Print Operators'             = 'S-1-5-32-550'
        'Replicators'                 = 'S-1-5-32-552'
        'Schema Admins'               = '{0}-518'
        'Server Operators'            = 'S-1-5-32-549'
        'Cert Publishers'             = '{0}-517'
    }

    pdcE                           = [string]((Get-ADDomain -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).PDCEmulator)
    domainNetBiosName              = [string]((Get-ADDomain -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).NetBIOSName)

}

if (Test-Path -Path (Join-Path -Path $PSScriptRoot -ChildPath ($PSUICulture))) {
    Import-LocalizedData -BindingVariable strings
} else {
    Import-LocalizedData -BindingVariable strings -UICulture en-US
}

#endregion

#region General helper functions

function Get-MDIValidationMessage {
    param($Result)
    if ($Result) {
        $strings['Validation_Passed']
    } else {
        $strings['Validation_Failed']
    }
}

function Resolve-MDIPath {
    param(
        [parameter(Mandatory)] $Path
    )
    $return = Resolve-Path -Path $Path -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -ErrorVariable resolveError
    if ($return.Path) { $return.Path }
    else { $resolveError[0].TargetObject }
}

function Format-Json {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory, ValueFromPipeline)] [String] $json
    )
    $indent = 0;
    ($json -Split '\n' | ForEach-Object {
        if ($_ -match '[\}\]]') {
            $indent--
        }
        $line = (' ' * $indent * 2) + $_.TrimStart().Replace(': ', ': ')
        if ($_ -match '[\{\[]') {
            $indent++
        }
        $line
    }) -join "`n"
}

function Test-MDICAServer {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    [bool](Get-Service CertSvc -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
}

function New-MDIPassword {
    $guid = (New-Guid).guid.split('-')
    $guid[0] += [char](Get-Random -min 65 -max 90)
    $guid[1] += [char](Get-Random -min 65 -max 90)
    ConvertTo-SecureString ($guid -join '-') -AsPlainText -Force
}

#endregion

#region Sensor service helper functions

function Get-MDISensorBinPath {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $wmiParams = @{
        Namespace   = 'root\cimv2'
        ClassName   = 'Win32_Service'
        Property    = 'PathName'
        Filter      = 'Name="AATPSensor"'
        ErrorAction = 'Stop'
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['Sensor_LocateConfigurationFile']
    try {
        $return = (Get-CimInstance @wmiParams | Select-Object -ExpandProperty PathName) -replace '"|Microsoft\.Tri\.Sensor\.exe', ''
    } catch {
        $return = $null
    }
    if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($return)) {
        Write-Warning $strings['Sensor_ServiceNotFound']
    }
    $return
}

function Get-MDISenseIdentityBinPath {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $processParams = @{
        Name            = "SenseIdentity"
        FileVersionInfo = $true
    }
    $senseIdentityProcess = Get-Process @processParams
    ($senseIdentityProcess).FileName | split-path
}

function Stop-MDISensor {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    Stop-Service -Name AATPSensorUpdater -Force
}

function Start-MDISensor {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    Start-Service -Name AATPSensorUpdater
}

function Get-MDISensorProcessInformation {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    [PSCustomObject]@{
        AATPSensor        = $(try { (Get-Service AATPSensor -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).Status } catch { $null })
        AATPSensorUpdater = $(try {(Get-Service AATPSensorUpdater -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).Status } catch { $null })
        SenseIdentity     = $(try {if ((Get-Process -Name SenseIdentity -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).Count -gt 0) {'Running'} else {$null}} catch { $null })
    }
}
#endregion

#region Service account configuration functions
function Get-MDIDSA {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $Identity,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $returnVal = $null
    $adobjectParams = @{
        ldapFilter = '(&(|(samaccountname={0})(samaccountname={0}$))(|(objectClass=user)(objectClass=msDS-GroupManagedServiceAccount)))' -f $Identity
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $adobjectParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    try {
        $returnVal = Get-ADObject @adobjectParams -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -properties *
        if ($returnVal -eq $null) {
            throw
        }
    } catch {
        $returnVal = $null
        Write-Warning ($strings['DSA_CannotFindIdentity'] -f $Identity)
    }
    return $returnVal
}

function New-MDIDSA {
    [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = "gmsaAccount")]
    Param(
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "gmsaAccount", Position = 1)]
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "standardAccount", Position = 1)]
        [ValidateLength(1, 16)]
        [string]$Identity,
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "gmsaAccount")]
        [ValidateLength(1, 28)]
        [string]$GmsaGroupName,
        [parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = "gmsaAccount")]
        [parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = "standardAccount")]
        [string]$BaseDn,
        [parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = "standardAccount")]
        [switch]$ForceStandardAccount,
        [parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = "gmsaAccount")]
        [parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = "standardAccount")]
        [string]$Server
    )

    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $domain = Get-ADDomain -Server $Server
    $returnVal = $false
    if ($Identity -match '.*\$') {
        $Identity = $Identity.replace('$', '')
    }
    try {
        $adObjectParams = @{
            LDAPFilter = "(objectSid=$(($domain).domainSid)-519)"
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $adObjectParams.Add("Server", $server) }
        $id = [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()
        $groups = $id.Groups | ForEach-Object { $_.Translate([Security.Principal.NTAccount]) }
        if ([bool]$(($domain).parentdomain)) {
            $forestSid = Get-MDIForestSid
            $eaGroupName = '{0}\{1}' -f (Get-ADDomain -Server $($domain.parentdomain)).netbiosname,
                (Get-ADObject -LDAPFilter "(objectSid=$forestSid-519)" -Server $($domain.parentdomain)).name
        } else {
            $eaGroupName = '{0}\{1}' -f ($domain.netbiosname), (Get-ADObject @adObjectParams).name
        }
    } catch {
        Write-Warning -Message $strings['DSA_EnterpriseAdminGroupNotFound']
    }

    if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($baseDn)) {
        $baseDn = "{0},{1}" -f "CN=Users", $($domain.DistinguishedName)
        $adObjectParams.LDAPFilter = "(distinguishedName=$baseDn)"
        try {
            $bdnCheck = Get-ADObject @adObjectParams
        } catch {
            $baseDn = $($domain.distinguishedname)
        }
    }
    if ($forceStandardAccount) {
        $adUserParams = @{
            Identity = $Identity
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $adUserParams.Add("Server", $server) }
        try {
            Get-Aduser @adUserParams -ErrorAction silentlycontinue
        } catch {
            try {
                $securePassword = New-MDIPassword
                $adUserParams.Add("Name", $Identity)
                $adUserParams.Add("AccountPassword", $securePassword)
                $adUserParams.Add("SamAccountName", $Identity)
                $adUserParams.Add("Path", $baseDn)
                $adUserParams.Add("Description", "This account runs the MDI service")
                $adUserParams.Add("Enabled", $true)
                $adUserParams.Remove("Identity")
                $serviceAccount = New-ADUser @adUserParams -PassThru
                $returnVal = $true
            } catch {
                Write-Error $strings['DSA_CannotCreateAccount']
            }
        }
    } else {
        if ($eaGroupName) {
            if ($eaGroupName -in $groups) {
                if (-not (Get-KdsRootKey)) {
                    try {
                        $null = Add-KdsRootKey -EffectiveTime ((Get-Date).AddHours(-10))
                        $strings['DSA_CreatedKDSRootKey']
                    } catch {
                        throw $strings['DSA_CannotCreateKDSRootKey']
                    }
                } else {
                    Write-Verbose $strings['DSA_FoundKDSRootKey']
                }
            }
        }

        $domainDCs = "$(($domain.domainsid).value)-516"
        try {
            $adObjectParams.LDAPFilter = "(objectSid=$domainDCs)"
            $domainDCsGroupName = (Get-ADGroup @adObjectParams).Name
        } catch {
            Write-Warning $strings['DSA_CannotFindDomainControllersGroup']
        }
        $gmsaGroupParams = @{
            Name           = $GmsaGroupName
            SamAccountName = $GmsaGroupName
            Path           = $baseDn
            GroupScope     = "Universal"
            Description    = $strings['DSA_GroupDescription'] -f $Identity
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gmsaGroupParams.Add("Server", $server) }
        try {
            $groupExists = [bool](Get-ADGroup -Identity $GmsaGroupName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
        } catch {
            $groupExists = $false
        }
        if (-not $groupExists) {
            try {
                $null = New-ADGroup @gmsaGroupParams
                Write-Verbose $strings['DSA_CreatedGMSAGroup']
            } catch {
                Write-Error $strings['DSA_CannotCreateGMSAGroup']
            }
        }
        $newAdServiceAccountParams = @{
            Name                                       = $Identity
            DNSHostName                                = $($domain.DNSRoot)
            PrincipalsAllowedToRetrieveManagedPassword = [string[]]$GmsaGroupName
            SamAccountName                             = $gmsaAccountName
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $newAdServiceAccountParams.Add("Server", $server) }
        if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($domainDCsGroupName)) {
            $newAdServiceAccountParams.PrincipalsAllowedToRetrieveManagedPassword += $domainDCsGroupName
        }
        try {
            $serviceAccount = New-ADServiceAccount @newAdServiceAccountParams -PassThru
            $returnVal = $true
        } catch {
            try {
                $newAdServiceAccountParams.Add("Path", $baseDn)
                $serviceAccount = New-ADServiceAccount @newAdServiceAccountParams -PassThru
                $returnVal = $true
            } catch {
                throw
            }
            Write-Error $strings['DSA_CannotCreateGMSAAccount']
        }
    }
    Set-MDIDeletedObjectsContainerPermission -Identity ("{0}\{1}" -f $domain.netbiosname, $serviceAccount.SamAccountName) -Server $Server | Out-Null
    return $returnVal
}

#endregion

#region Sensor configuration helper functions

function Get-MDISensorConfiguration {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $sensorProcesses = Get-MDISensorProcessInformation
    if ($sensorProcesses.SenseIdentity -eq 'Running') {
        try {
            $sensorConfiguration = ((Get-ItemProperty 'hklm:\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Advanced Threat Protection' OnboardingInfo -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).OnboardingInfo | ConvertFrom-Json).body | ConvertFrom-Json | Select-Object orgId, geoLocationUrl, datacenter
            if ($null -ne $sensorConfiguration) {
                $proxyUrl = $(try {(Get-ItemProperty -Path "hklm:\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender" -Name ProxyServer -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).ProxyServer} catch {$null})
                $SensorProxyConfiguration = [PSCustomObject]@{
                    IsProxyEnabled       = $(if ($null -ne $proxyUrl) {$true} else {$false})
                    Url                  = $proxyUrl
                    TelemetryProxyServer = $(try {(Get-ItemProperty -Path "hklm:\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\DataCollection" -Name TelemetryProxyServer -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).TelemetryProxyServer} catch {$null})
                }
            }
            $sensorConfiguration | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name SensorProxyConfiguration -Value $SensorProxyConfiguration -Force
        } catch {
            $sensorConfiguration = $null
            Write-Warning -Message $strings['Sensor_ErrorReadingSensorConfiguration']
        }
    } else {
        $sensorBinPath = Get-MDISensorBinPath
        if ($null -eq $sensorBinPath) {
            $sensorConfiguration = $null
            Write-Warning -Message $strings['Sensor_ErrorReadingSensorConfiguration']
        } else {
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['Sensor_ReadConfigurationFile']
            $sensorConfigurationPath = Join-Path -Path $sensorBinPath -ChildPath 'SensorConfiguration.json'
            $sensorConfiguration = Get-Content -Path $sensorConfigurationPath -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json
        }

        if ($null -ne $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration) {
            $SensorProxyConfiguration = [PSCustomObject]@{
                IsProxyEnabled               = -not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.Url)
                IsAuthenticationProxyEnabled = -not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.UserName)
                Url                          = $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.Url
                UserName                     = $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.UserName
                EncryptedUserPasswordData    = $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.EncryptedUserPasswordData.EncryptedBytes
                CertificateThumbprint        = $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.EncryptedUserPasswordData.CertificateThumbprint

            }
            $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration = $SensorProxyConfiguration
        }
    }
    $sensorConfiguration
}

function Get-MDIEncryptedPassword {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [string] $CertificateThumbprint,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [PSCredential] $Credential
    )
    $store = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Store -ArgumentList @(
        [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.StoreName]::My,
        [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.StoreLocation]::LocalMachine
    )
    $store.Open([System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.OpenFlags]::ReadOnly)

    $cert = [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2] $store.Certificates.Find(
        [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509FindType]::FindByThumbprint, $CertificateThumbprint, $false)[0]

    $rsaPublicKey = [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.RSACertificateExtensions]::GetRSAPrivateKey($cert)
    $bytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetBytes(
        $Credential.GetNetworkCredential().Password
    )
    $encrypted = $rsaPublicKey.Encrypt($bytes, [System.Security.Cryptography.RSAEncryptionPadding]::OaepSHA256)
    $encryptedPassword = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String($encrypted)

    $store.Close()
    $encryptedPassword
}

function Get-MDIDecryptedPassword {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [string] $CertificateThumbprint,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [string] $EncryptedString
    )
    $store = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Store -ArgumentList @(
        [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.StoreName]::My,
        [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.StoreLocation]::LocalMachine
    )
    $store.Open([System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.OpenFlags]::ReadOnly)

    $cert = [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2] $store.Certificates.Find(
        [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509FindType]::FindByThumbprint, $CertificateThumbprint, $false)[0]

    $rsaPublicKey = [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.RSACertificateExtensions]::GetRSAPrivateKey($cert)

    $encrypted = [System.Convert]::FromBase64String($EncryptedString)
    $bytes = $rsaPublicKey.Decrypt($encrypted, [System.Security.Cryptography.RSAEncryptionPadding]::OaepSHA256)
    $decryptedPassword = [System.Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetString($bytes)

    $store.Close()
    $decryptedPassword
}

function Get-MDISensorProxyConfiguration {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $sensorConfiguration = Get-MDISensorConfiguration
    if ($null -eq $sensorConfiguration) {
        $proxyConfiguration = $null
    } else {
        $proxyConfiguration = $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration
    }
    $proxyConfiguration
}

function Set-MDISensorProxyConfiguration {
    [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $true)]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $ProxyUrl,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [PSCredential] $ProxyCredential
    )
    $operation = if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($ProxyUrl)) { 'Clear' } else { 'Set' }
    if ($PSCmdlet.ShouldProcess($strings['Sensor_ProxyConfigurationAction'], $operation)) {
        if ('Set' -eq $operation) {
            [System.Uri] $resultUri = $null
            if (-not [System.Uri]::TryCreate($ProxyUrl, [System.UriKind]::Absolute, [ref] $resultUri)) {
                if (-not $ProxyUrl.StartsWith('http://')) {
                    $ProxyUrl = 'http://'+$ProxyUrl
                }
            }
        }
        $sensorProcesses = Get-MDISensorProcessInformation
        $sensorConfiguration = Get-MDISensorConfiguration
        if ($null -eq $sensorConfiguration) {
            Write-Error $strings['Sensor_ErrorReadingSensorConfiguration'] -ErrorAction Stop
        }
        if ($sensorProcesses.SenseIdentity -eq 'Running') {
            if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($ProxyUrl)) {
                try {
                    $null = Remove-ItemProperty -Path "hklm:\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\DataCollection" -Name TelemetryProxyServer -ErrorAction Stop
                    $null = Remove-ItemProperty -Path "hklm:\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender" -Name ProxyServer -ErrorAction Stop
                } catch {
                    Write-Warning -Message $strings['Sensor_ProxyConfigurationActionFail']
                }
            } else {
                try {
                    $null = New-ItemProperty -Path "hklm:\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\DataCollection" -Name TelemetryProxyServer -PropertyType String -Value $ProxyUrl.Replace('http://','') -Force -ErrorAction Stop
                    $null = New-ItemProperty -Path "hklm:\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender" -Name ProxyServer -PropertyType String -Value $ProxyUrl -Force -ErrorAction Stop
                } catch {
                    Write-Warning -Message $strings['Sensor_ProxyConfigurationActionFail']
                }
            }
        } else {
            if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($ProxyUrl)) {
                $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration = $null
            } else {
                if ($ProxyCredential) {
                    $thumbprint = $sensorConfiguration.SecretManagerConfigurationCertificateThumbprint
                    $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration = [PSCustomObject]@{
                        '$type'                   = 'SensorProxyConfiguration'
                        Url                       = $ProxyUrl
                        UserName                  = $ProxyCredential.UserName
                        EncryptedUserPasswordData = [PSCustomObject]@{
                            '$type'               = 'EncryptedData'
                            EncryptedBytes        = Get-MDIEncryptedPassword -CertificateThumbprint $thumbprint -Credential $ProxyCredential
                            SecretVersion         = $null
                            CertificateThumbprint = $sensorConfiguration.SecretManagerConfigurationCertificateThumbprint
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration = [PSCustomObject]@{
                        '$type' = 'SensorProxyConfiguration'
                        Url     = $ProxyUrl
                    }
                }
            }
            Stop-MDISensor
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['Sensor_WriteSensorConfigurationFile']
            $sensorConfiguration | ConvertTo-Json | Format-Json |
                Set-Content -Path (Join-Path -Path (Get-MDISensorBinPath) -ChildPath 'SensorConfiguration.json')
            Start-MDISensor
        }
    }
}

function Clear-MDISensorProxyConfiguration {
    [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $true)]
    param()
    if ($PSCmdlet.ShouldProcess($strings['Sensor_ProxyConfigurationAction'], 'Clear')) {
        Set-MDISensorProxyConfiguration -ProxyUrl $null
    }
}

#endregion

#region GPO helper functions

function Get-MDIGPOName {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [string] $Name,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $GpoNamePrefix
    )
    if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($GpoNamePrefix)) {
        $Name -f $script:settings['gpoNamePrefix']
    } else {
        $Name -f $GpoNamePrefix
    }
}

function New-MDIGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [string] $Name,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [switch] $CreateGpoDisabled,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $returnVal = $null
    Write-Verbose -Message ($strings['GPO_Create'] -f $Name)
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $maxWaitTime = (Get-Date).AddSeconds(3)
    $successGpo = $false
    $gpoParams = @{
        Name = $Name
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoParams.Add("Server", $server) }
    try {
        $gpoCreate = New-GPO @gpoParams -ErrorAction silentlycontinue
        $successGpo = $true
    } catch {
        $successGpo = $false
    }

    if ($successGpo) {
        do {
            Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
            $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @gpoParams
        } while (-not (($gpo) -or ($maxWaitTime -lt (Get-Date))))

        if ($gpo) {
            $gPCFileSysPath = $gpo.gPCFileSysPath
            do {
                Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
            } while (-not ((Test-Path -Path $gPCFileSysPath) -or ($maxWaitTime -lt (Get-Date))))
            if ($CreateGpoDisabled) {
                $gpo.GpoStatus = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.GpoStatus]::AllSettingsDisabled
            } else {
                $gpo.GpoStatus = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.GpoStatus]::UserSettingsDisabled
            }
            $returnVal = $gpo | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name gPCFileSysPath -Value $gPCFileSysPath -PassThru -Force
        } else {
            $returnVal = $null
        }
    } else {
        $returnVal = $null
    }
    return $returnVal
}

function Get-MDIGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [string] $Name,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $maxWaitTime = (Get-Date).AddSeconds(3)
    $gpoParams = @{
        Name = $Name
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoParams.Add("Server", $server) }
    try {
        $gpo = Get-Gpo @gpoParams -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    } catch {
        $gpo = $null
    }

    if ($null -eq $gpo) {
        Write-Verbose -Message ("'{0}' - {1}" -f $Name, $strings['GPO_NotFound'])
    } else {
        Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
        if ($Server) {
            try {
                $gPCFileSysPath = (Get-ADObject -Identity $gpo.Path -Properties gPCFileSysPath -Server $Server).gPCFileSysPath
            } catch {
                do {
                    try {
                        Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
                        $gPCFileSysPath = (Get-ADObject -Identity $gpo.Path -Properties gPCFileSysPath -Server $Server).gPCFileSysPath
                    } catch {
                    }
                } while (!(($gPCFileSysPath) -or ($maxWaitTime -lt (Get-Date))))
            }

            $gPCArray = $gPCFileSysPath.split('\')
            $gPCArray[2] = $Server
            $gPCFileSysPath = $gPCArray -join '\'
        } else {
            $gPCFileSysPath = (Get-ADObject -Identity $gpo.Path -Properties gPCFileSysPath).gPCFileSysPath
        }
        do {
            Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
        } while (-not ((Test-Path -Path $gPCFileSysPath) -or ($maxWaitTime -lt (Get-Date))))
        $gpo | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name gPCFileSysPath -Value $gPCFileSysPath -Force
    }
    return $gpo
}

function Get-MDIGPOLink {
    param(
        [guid] $Guid,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_GetLinks']
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoReportParams = @{
        Guid       = $Guid
        ReportType = "Xml"
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoReportParams.Add("Server", $server) }
    $xml = [xml](Get-GPOReport @gpoReportParams)
    @($xml.GPO.LinksTo)
}

function Test-MDIGPOLink {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [guid] $Guid,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $return = $false
    $gpoParams = @{
        Guid = $Guid
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoParams.Add("Server", $server) }
    $enabledLinks = @(Get-MDIGPOLink @gpoParams | Where-Object { $_.Enabled -eq 'true' })
    if ($enabledLinks.Count -lt 1) {
        Write-Verbose -Message ($strings['GPO_NotLinkedOrEnabled'])
    } else {
        $return = $true
        $enabledLinks | ForEach-Object {
            Write-Verbose -Message ($strings['GPO_LinkedAndEnabled'] -f $_.SOMPath)
        }
    }
    $return
}

function Set-MDIGPOLink {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [guid] $Guid,
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [string] $Target,
        [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnableLink] $LinkEnabled = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnableLink]::Yes,
        [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnforceLink] $Enforced = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnforceLink]::Yes,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SetLink']
    $gpLink = @{
        Guid        = $Guid
        LinkEnabled = $LinkEnabled
        Enforced    = $Enforced
        Target      = $Target
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpLink.Add("Server", $server) }
    $link = New-GPLink @gpLink -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if ($null -eq $link) {
        $link = Set-GPLink @gpLink -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    }

    if ($null -eq $link) {
        throw $strings['GPO_UnableToUpdateLink']
    }
}

function Set-MDIGpoApplyPermission {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [guid] $Guid,
        [parameter(Mandatory)] [string]$Identity,
        [parameter(Mandatory)] [ValidateSet("Allow", "Deny")] [string]$PermissionType,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $returnVal = $false
    $domainDn = ([adsi]'').distinguishedName.Value
    if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) {
        $gpo = [ADSI]"LDAP://CN=`{$($Guid)`},CN=Policies,CN=System,$domainDn"
    } else {
        $gpo = [ADSI]"LDAP://$Server/CN=`{$($Guid)`},CN=Policies,CN=System,$domainDn"
    }
    if ($gpo -ne $null) {
        $rule = New-Object System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectoryAccessRule(
            [System.Security.Principal.NTAccount]"$($settings.domainNetBiosName)\$Identity",
            "ExtendedRight",
            $PermissionType,
            [Guid]"edacfd8f-ffb3-11d1-b41d-00a0c968f939"
        )
        $acl = $gpo.ObjectSecurity
        $acl.AddAccessRule($rule) | Out-Null
        try {
            $gpo.CommitChanges() | Out-Null
            $returnVal = $true
        } catch {
            Write-Warning -Message $strings['GPO_UnableToSetPermissions']
            $returnVal = $false
        }
    }
    return $returnVal
}

function Get-MDIGPOMachineVersion {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [guid] $Guid,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoParams = @{
        Guid = $Guid
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoParams.Add("Server", $server) }
    (Get-GPO @gpoParams).Computer | Select-Object -Property *Version
}

function Set-MDIGPOMachineVersion {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [guid] $Guid,
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [int] $Version,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [ValidateSet('Sysvol', 'DS', 'All')] [string] $Mode = 'Sysvol',
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_UpdateVersion']
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    if ($Mode -match 'ALL|DS') {
        $Replace = @{versionNumber = $Version }
        $gpoAdObjectPath = 'CN={0},{1}' -f "{$Guid}", (Get-MDIAdPath 'CN=Policies,CN=System,{0}')
        $adObjectParams = @{
            Identity = $gpoAdObjectPath
            Replace  = $Replace
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $adObjectParams.Add("Server", $server) }
        Set-ADObject @adObjectParams | Out-Null
    }
    if ($Mode -match 'ALL|Sysvol') {
        if ($Server) {
            $filePath = '\\{0}\SYSVOL\{1}\Policies\{2}\GPT.INI' -f $Server, $env:USERDNSDOMAIN, "{$guid}"
        } else {
            $filePath = '\\{0}\SYSVOL\{0}\Policies\{1}\GPT.INI' -f $env:USERDNSDOMAIN, "{$guid}"
        }
        $newContent = (([system.io.file]::ReadAllLines($filePath)) -join [environment]::NewLine) -replace 'Version=\d+', ('Version={0}' -f $version)
        [System.io.file]::WriteAllLines($filePath, $newContent, (New-Object System.Text.ASCIIEncoding))
    }
}

function Get-MDIGPOMachineExtension {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [guid] $Guid,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_GetExtension']
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoAdObjectPath = 'CN={0},{1}' -f "{$Guid}", (Get-MDIAdPath 'CN=Policies,CN=System,{0}')
    $adObjectParams = @{
        Identity   = $gpoAdObjectPath
        Properties = @("gPCMachineExtensionNames", "VersionNumber")
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $adObjectParams.Add("Server", $server) }
    Get-ADObject @adObjectParams
}

function Set-MDIGPOMachineExtension {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [guid] $Guid,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string[]] $Extension,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $RawExtension = $null,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SetExtension']
    $return = $null
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($RawExtension)) {
        $extensions = $Extension | ForEach-Object { "{$_}" }
        $extensionGuids = '[{0}]' -f [string]::Join('', $extensions)
        $Replace = @{gPCMachineExtensionNames = $extensionGuids }
    } else {
        $Replace = @{gPCMachineExtensionNames = $RawExtension }
    }
    $gpoAdObjectPath = 'CN={0},{1}' -f "{$Guid}", (Get-MDIAdPath 'CN=Policies,CN=System,{0}')
    $adObjectParams = @{
        Identity = $gpoAdObjectPath
        Replace  = $Replace
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $adObjectParams.Add("Server", $server) }
    try {
        $gpoUpdated = Set-ADObject @adObjectParams -PassThru
    } catch {
        Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_UnableToSetExtension']
    }
    if ($gpoUpdated) {
        try {
            $gpoVersionParams = @{
                Guid = $Guid
            }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoVersionParams.Add("Server", $server) }
            $gpoComputerDSVersion = (Get-MDIGPOMachineVersion @gpoVersionParams).DSVersion
            if ($gpoComputerDSVersion -lt 2) { $gpoComputerDSVersion = 3 } else { $gpoComputerDSVersion++ }
            $setGpoMachineVersionParams = @{
                Guid    = $Guid
                Version = $gpoComputerDSVersion
                Mode    = "All"
            }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $setGpoMachineVersionParams.Add("Server", $server) }
            Set-MDIGPOMachineVersion @setGpoMachineVersionParams
            $return = $gpoComputerDSVersion
        } catch {
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_UnableToSetExtension']
        }
    }
    $return
}

function Test-MDIGPOEnabledAndLink {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] $GPO,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [switch] $ManualLinkRequired,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $state = $false
    $testMdiGpoLinkParams = @{
        Guid = $GPO.Id.Guid
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $testMdiGpoLinkParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    if (-not ($GPO.GpoStatus -ne [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.GpoStatus]::AllSettingsDisabled)) {
        Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SettingsDisabled']
    } else {
        if (-not (Test-MDIGPOLink @testMdiGpoLinkParams)) {
            if ($ManualLinkRequired) {
                Write-Warning -Message ($strings['GPO_ManualLinkRequired'] -f $GPO.DisplayName)
            }
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_LinkNotFound']
        } else {
            $state = $true
        }
    }
    $state
}

#endregion

#region Processor Performance helper functions

function Get-MDIProcessorPerformance {
    & "$($env:SystemRoot)\system32\powercfg.exe" @('/GETACTIVESCHEME')
}

function Test-MDIProcessorPerformance {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['ProcessorPerformance_Validate']
    $result = $false
    $activeScheme = Get-MDIProcessorPerformance
    if ($activeScheme -match ':\s+(?<guid>[a-fA-F0-9]{8}[-]?([a-fA-F0-9]{4}[-]?){3}[a-fA-F0-9]{12})\s+\((?<name>.*)\)') {
        $result = $Matches.guid -eq '8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c'
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result)
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $result
                Details = $activeScheme
            })
    } else {
        $result
    }
}

function Set-MDIProcessorPerformance {
    & "$($env:SystemRoot)\system32\powercfg.exe" @('/SETACTIVE', '8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c')
}

function Get-MDIProcessorPerformanceGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.ProcessorPerformance.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    $gpRegValParams = @{
        Guid = $gpo.Id.Guid
        Key  = $settings.ProcessorPerformance.Key
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpRegValParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    if ($gpo) {
        $gpo | Select-Object -Property *,
        @{N = 'GPRegistryValue'; E = { Get-GPRegistryValue @gpRegValParams } }
    }
}

function Test-MDIProcessorPerformanceGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.ProcessorPerformance.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    Write-Verbose -Message ($strings['GPO_Validate'] -f $gpoName)
    $processorPerfGpoParams = @{
        GpoNamePrefix = $GpoNamePrefix
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $processorPerfGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $state = $false
    $gpo = Get-MDIProcessorPerformanceGPO @processorPerfGpoParams
    if ($gpo) {
        $gpSetOk = $gpo.GPRegistryValue.ValueName -eq $settings.ProcessorPerformance.ValueName -and
        $gpo.GPRegistryValue.Value -eq $settings.ProcessorPerformance.SchemeGuid -and
        $gpo.GPRegistryValue.PolicyState -eq [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.PolicyState]::Set
        $mdiGpoTestLinkParams = @{
            GPO = $gpo
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoTestLinkParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        if ($gpSetOk) {
            $state = Test-MDIGPOEnabledAndLink @mdiGpoTestLinkParams
        } else {
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SettingsMismatch']
        }
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $state)
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $state
                Details = if ($gpo) { $gpo | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, GpoStatus, GPRegistryValue }
                else { "'{0}' - {1}" -f $gpoName, $strings['GPO_NotFound'] }
            })
    } else {
        $state
    }
}

function Set-MDIProcessorPerformanceGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $SkipGpoLink,
        [switch] $CreateGpoDisabled,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.ProcessorPerformance.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $gpoParams = @{
        GpoNamePrefix = $GpoNamePrefix
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }

    $gpo = Get-MDIProcessorPerformanceGPO @gpoParams
    if ($null -eq $gpo) {
        $gpoParams.Add("CreateGpoDisabled", $CreateGpoDisabled)
        $gpoParams.Add("Name", $gpoName)
        $gpoParams.Remove("GpoNamePrefix")
        $gpo = New-MDIGPO -Name $gpoName -CreateGpoDisabled:$CreateGpoDisabled
    }
    if ($gpo) {
        $gppParams = @{
            Guid      = $gpo.Id.Guid
            Type      = 'String'
            Key       = $settings.ProcessorPerformance.Key
            ValueName = $settings.ProcessorPerformance.ValueName
            Value     = $settings.ProcessorPerformance.SchemeGuid
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gppParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        $gpoUpdated = Set-GPRegistryValue @gppParams
        if (-not ($CreateGpoDisabled)) { $gpoUpdated.GpoStatus = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.GpoStatus]::UserSettingsDisabled }
        Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
        $gpoUpdated.MakeAclConsistent()

        if (-not $SkipGpoLink) {
            $gpLinkParams = @{
                Guid        = $gpo.Id.Guid
                LinkEnabled = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnableLink]::Yes
                Enforced    = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnforceLink]::Yes
                Target      = 'OU=Domain Controllers,{0}' -f ([adsi]'').distinguishedName.Value
            }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpLinkParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
            Set-MDIGPOLink @gpLinkParams
        }
    } else {
        throw $strings['GPO_UnableToUpdate']
    }
}

#endregion

#region Directory Services Auditing helper functions

function Get-MDIAdPath {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] $Path
    )
    $DefaultNamingContext = ([adsi]('LDAP://{0}/RootDSE' -f $env:USERDNSDOMAIN)).defaultNamingContext.Value
    $Path -f $DefaultNamingContext
}

function Get-MDISAcl {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] $Path
    )
    $acls = Get-Acl -Path $Path -Audit -ErrorAction Stop
    if ($acls) {
        foreach ($acl in $acls.Audit) {
            [PSCustomObject]@{
                Account                = $acl.IdentityReference.Value
                SecurityIdentifier     = $acl.IdentityReference.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier]).Value
                AccessMask             = [int]$acl.ActiveDirectoryRights
                AccessMaskDetails      = $acl.ActiveDirectoryRights
                AuditFlags             = $acl.AuditFlags
                AuditFlagsValue        = [int]$acl.AuditFlags
                InheritedObjectAceType = $acl.InheritedObjectType
                InheritanceType        = [int]$acl.InheritanceType
                PropagationFlags       = [int]$acl.PropagationFlags
            }
        }
    }
}

function Set-MDISAcl {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] $Auditing
    )
    $Path = Get-MDIAdPath -Path $Auditing.Path
    $acls = Get-Acl -Path $Path -Audit -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    if ($acls) {
        Write-Verbose -Message ('Setting System Access Control Lists')
        foreach ($audit in $Auditing.Auditing) {
            $account = (New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier -ArgumentList @(
                    $audit.SecurityIdentifier)).Translate([System.Security.Principal.NTAccount]).Value
            $argumentList = @(
                [Security.Principal.NTAccount] $account,
                [System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectoryRights] $audit.AccessMask,
                [System.Security.AccessControl.AuditFlags] $audit.AuditFlagsValue,
                [guid]::Empty.Guid.ToString(),
                [System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectorySecurityInheritance] $audit.InheritanceType,
                [guid] $audit.InheritedObjectAceType
            )
            $rule = New-Object -TypeName System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectoryAuditRule -ArgumentList $argumentList
            $acls.AddAuditRule($rule)
        }
        Set-Acl -Path $Path -AclObject $acls
    }
}

function Get-MDIDomainObjectAuditing {
    try {
        Get-MDISAcl -Path (Get-MDIAdPath -Path $settings.ObjectAuditing.Path)
    } catch [System.Management.Automation.ActionPreferenceStopException] {
        if ('ObjectNotFound' -eq $_.Exception.ErrorRecord.CategoryInfo.Category) {
            Write-Warning $_.Exception.Message
        } else {
            throw $_
        }
    }
}

function Get-MDIAdfsAuditing {
    try {
        Get-MDISAcl -Path (Get-MDIAdPath -Path $settings.AdfsAuditing.Path)
    } catch [System.Management.Automation.ActionPreferenceStopException] {
        if ('ObjectNotFound' -eq $_.Exception.ErrorRecord.CategoryInfo.Category) {
            Write-Warning $_.Exception.Message
        } else {
            throw $_
        }
    }
}

function Get-MDIConfigurationContainerAuditing {
    try {
        Get-MDISAcl -Path (Get-MDIAdPath -Path $settings.ConfigurationContainerAuditing.Path)
    } catch [System.Management.Automation.ActionPreferenceStopException] {
        if ('ObjectNotFound' -eq $_.Exception.ErrorRecord.CategoryInfo.Category) {
            Write-Warning $_.Exception.Message
        } else {
            throw $_
        }
    }
}

function Test-MDIAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [string] $Path,
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [object[]] $ExpectedAuditing,
        [switch] $Detailed
    )
    try {
        $AppliedAuditing = Get-MDISAcl -Path (Get-MDIAdPath -Path $Path)
        $isAuditingOk = @(foreach ($applied in $AppliedAuditing) {
                $ExpectedAuditing | Where-Object { ($_.SecurityIdentifier -eq $applied.SecurityIdentifier) -and
                ($_.AuditFlagsValue -eq $applied.AuditFlagsValue) -and
                ($_.InheritedObjectAceType -eq $applied.InheritedObjectAceType) -and
                ($_.InheritanceType -eq $applied.InheritanceType) -and
                ($_.PropagationFlags -eq $applied.PropagationFlags) -and
                (([System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectoryRights]$applied.AccessMask).HasFlag(([System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectoryRights]($_.AccessMask)))) }
            }).Count -ge $ExpectedAuditing.Count

    } catch [System.Management.Automation.ActionPreferenceStopException] {
        if ('ObjectNotFound' -eq $_.Exception.ErrorRecord.CategoryInfo.Category) {
            $isAuditingOk = $true
        } else {
            $isAuditingOk = $false
        }
    }
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $isAuditingOk
                Details = $AppliedAuditing
            })
    } else {
        $isAuditingOk
    }
}

function Test-MDIDomainObjectAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['DomainObject_ValidateAuditing']
    $result = Test-MDIAuditing -Path $settings.ObjectAuditing.Path -ExpectedAuditing $settings.ObjectAuditing.Auditing -Detailed:$Detailed
    if ($Detailed) {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result.Status)
    } else {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result)
    }
    $result
}

function Test-MDIAdfsAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed
    )
    $result = [PSCustomObject]@{
        Status  = $true
        Details = $strings['ADFS_ContainerNotFound']
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['ADFS_ValidateAuditing']
    if ([System.DirectoryServices.DirectoryEntry]::Exists((Get-MDIAdPath -Path $settings.AdfsAuditing.Validate))) {
        $result = Test-MDIAuditing -Path $settings.AdfsAuditing.Path -ExpectedAuditing $settings.AdfsAuditing.Auditing -Detailed:$Detailed
    } elseif (-not $Detailed) {
        $result = $true
    }
    if ($Detailed) {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result.Status)
    } else {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result)
    }
    $result
}

function Test-MDIConfigurationContainerAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed
    )
    $result = [PSCustomObject]@{
        Status  = $true
        Details = $strings['Exchange_ContainerNotFound']
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['Exchange_ValidateAuditing']
    if ([System.DirectoryServices.DirectoryEntry]::Exists((Get-MDIAdPath -Path $settings.ConfigurationContainerAuditing.Validate))) {
        $result = Test-MDIAuditing -Path $settings.ConfigurationContainerAuditing.Path -ExpectedAuditing $settings.ConfigurationContainerAuditing.Auditing -Detailed:$Detailed
    } elseif (-not $Detailed) {
        $result = $true
    }
    if ($Detailed) {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result.Status)
    } else {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result)
    }
    $result
}

function Set-MDIDomainObjectAuditing {
    Set-MDISAcl -Auditing $settings.ObjectAuditing
}

function Set-MDIAdfsAuditing {
    if ([System.DirectoryServices.DirectoryEntry]::Exists((Get-MDIAdPath -Path $settings.AdfsAuditing.Validate))) {
        Set-MDISAcl -Auditing $settings.AdfsAuditing
    } else {
        Write-Warning $strings['ADFS_ContainerNotFound']
    }
}

function Set-MDIConfigurationContainerAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Force
    )
    if ($Force -or [System.DirectoryServices.DirectoryEntry]::Exists((Get-MDIAdPath -Path $settings.ConfigurationContainerAuditing.Validate))) {
        Set-MDISAcl -Auditing $settings.ConfigurationContainerAuditing
    } else {
        Write-Warning $strings['Exchange_ContainerNotFound']
    }
}

function Set-MDIDeletedObjectsContainerPermission {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    Param(
        [parameter(Mandatory = $True, Position = 1)]
        [string]$Identity,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $returnVal = $false
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    try {
        $domain = (Get-ADDomain)
    } catch {
        throw
    }
    try {
        $parameters = @{
            ScriptBlock  = {
                Param ($param1, $param2)
                $deletedObjectsDN = "\\$server\CN=Deleted Objects,{0}" -f $param1
                $params = @("$deletedObjectsDN", '/takeOwnership')
                & "$($env:SystemRoot)\system32\dsacls.exe" $params
                $params = @("$deletedObjectsDN", '/G', "$($param2):LCRP")
                & "$($env:SystemRoot)\system32\dsacls.exe" $params
            }
            ArgumentList = $($domain.distinguishedName), $Identity
        }
        $command = "Invoke-command @parameters"
        $dsaclCheck = Invoke-Expression $command
        $returnVal = $true
    } catch {
        Write-Error $strings['DeletedObjectsPermissions_StatusFail']
    }
    return $returnVal
}

#endregion

#region Active Directory Recycle Bin functions

function Get-MDIAdRecycleBin {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $recycleBinParams = @{
        Filter = 'name -like "Recycle Bin Feature"'
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $recycleBinParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $value = if ((Get-ADOptionalFeature @recycleBinParams).EnabledScopes) {$true} else {$false}
    if ($value) {
        $recycleBinSetting = $strings['DomainRecycleBin_Enabled']
    } else {
        $recycleBinSetting = $strings['DomainRecycleBin_Disabled']
    }
    [PSCustomObject]@{
        Name          = $strings['DomainRecycleBin_Descriptor']
        ActualValue   = $value
        ExpectedValue = $true
    }
}

function Set-MDIAdRecycleBin {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    if ((Get-MDIDomainMode) -gt 3 -and (Get-MDIForestMode) -gt 3) {
        try {
            if ($env:username -in @( (Get-AdGroupMember -Identity ($settings.SensitiveGroups["Domain Admins"] -f $(Get-MDIDomainSid) ) | ForEach-Object {$_.SamAccountName} ) )) {
                $domainDn = ([adsi]'LDAP://rootDSE').properties["defaultNamingContext"]
                $enableAdRecycleBinParams = @{
                    Identity = "CN=Recycle Bin Feature,CN=Optional Features,CN=Directory Service,CN=Windows NT,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,$domainDn"
                    Scope    = "ForestOrConfigurationSet"
                    Target   = $env:USERDNSDOMAIN
                }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $enableAdRecycleBinParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
                $null = Enable-ADOptionalFeature @enableAdRecycleBinParams
                write-verbose -Message $strings["DomainRecycleBin_EnableSuccess"]
            } else {
                throw
            }
        } catch {
            Write-Warning -Message $strings['DomainRecycleBin_EnableFailed']
        }
    } else {
        Write-Warning -Message $strings['DomainRecycleBin_ForestDomainFail']
    }
}

function Test-MDIAdRecycleBin {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed,
        [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['DomainRecycleBin_Validation']
    $recycleBinParams = @{
        
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $recycleBinParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $status = [bool](Get-MDIAdRecycleBin @recycleBinParams | where-object { $_.ActualValue -eq $_.ExpectedValue})
    if ($status) {
        $recycleBinSetting = $strings['DomainRecycleBin_Enabled']
    } else {
        $recycleBinSetting = $strings['DomainRecycleBin_Disabled']
    }
    Write-Verbose (Get-MDIValidationMessage $status)
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $status
                Details = $recycleBinSetting
            })
    } else {
        $status
    }
}

#endregion

#region RemoteSAM helper functions
function Get-MDIRemoteSAM {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $Identity
    )
    $identitySid = (Get-MDIDSA -Identity $Identity).objectSid.value
    $settings.RemoteSAM.RegistrySet.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
        $name = ($_.Name -split '\\')[-1]
        $path = 'HKLM:\{0}' -f ($_.Name -replace $name)
        $value = Get-ItemProperty -Path $path -Name $name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -ExpandProperty $name
        $expected = $_.Value -f $identitySid
        [PSCustomObject]@{
            Path          = $path
            Name          = $name
            ActualValue   = $value
            ExpectedValue = $expected
        }
    }
}

function Set-MDIRemoteSAM {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $Identity
    )
    $identitySid = (Get-MDIDSA -Identity $Identity).objectSid.value
    $settings.RemoteSAM.RegistrySet.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
        $name = ($_.Name -split '\\')[-1]
        $path = 'HKLM:\{0}' -f ($_.Name -replace $name)
        $value = $_.Value -f $identitySid
        Set-ItemProperty -Path $path -Name $name -Value $value -ErrorAction Stop
    }
}

function Test-MDIRemoteSAM {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed,
        [string] $Identity
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['RemoteSAM_Validate']
    $remoteSAMSettings = Get-MDIRemoteSAM -Identity $Identity
    $status = @($remoteSAMSettings | Where-Object { $_.ActualValue -match $_.ExpectedValue }).Count -eq $settings.RemoteSAM.RegistrySet.Count
    Write-Verbose (Get-MDIValidationMessage $status)
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $status
                Details = $remoteSAMSettings
            })
    } else {
        $status
    }
}

function Get-MDIRemoteSAMGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [string] $Identity,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $identitySid = (Get-MDIDSA -Identity $Identity).objectSid.value
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.RemoteSAM.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    if ($gpo) {
        $gpoReportParams = @{
            Guid       = $gpo.Id
            ReportType = "Xml"
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoReportParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        $report = [xml](Get-GPOReport @gpoReportParams)

        $options = $report.GPO.Computer.ExtensionData.Extension.SecurityOptions | Where-Object { $_.KeyName -Match 'RestrictRemoteSAM' }
        $RegistryValue = foreach ($opt in $options) {
            $valueName = ($opt.KeyName -split '\\')[-1]
            $path = $opt.KeyName -replace '(.*)\\(\w+)', '$1'
            [PSCustomObject]@{
                KeyName       = $path
                ValueName     = $valueName
                Value         = $opt.Display.DisplayString
                ExpectedValue = (($settings.RemoteSAM.RegistrySet.GetEnumerator() |
                            Where-Object { ('MACHINE\{0}' -f $_.Name) -eq (Join-Path -Path $path -ChildPath $valueName) }).Value -f $identitySid)
            }
        }
        $gpo | Select-Object -Property *, @{N = 'RegistryValue'; E = { $RegistryValue } }
    }
}

function Set-MDIRemoteSAMGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $Identity,
        [switch] $SkipGpoLink,
        [switch] $CreateGpoDisabled,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $identitySid = (Get-MDIDSA -Identity $Identity).objectSid.value
    $domainSid = (Get-ADDomain).DomainSID.Value
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.RemoteSAM.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    if ($null -eq $gpo) {
        $mdiGpoParams.Add("CreateGpoDisabled", $CreateGpoDisabled)
        $gpo = New-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    }

    $filePath = '{0}\Machine\Microsoft\Windows NT\SecEdit' -f $gpo.gPCFileSysPath
    try {
        New-Item -Path $filePath -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null
    } catch {}

    $fileContent = @'
[Unicode]
Unicode=yes
[Version]
signature="$CHICAGO$"
Revision=1
[Registry Values]
'@

    $settings.RemoteSAM.GpoRegSet.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
        $value = $_.Value -f $identitySid
        $fileContent += '{2}MACHINE\{0}={1}' -f $_.Name, $Value, [System.Environment]::NewLine
    }
    [System.Io.File]::WriteAllLines((Join-Path -Path $filePath -ChildPath 'GptTmpl.inf'), $fileContent, (New-Object System.Text.UnicodeEncoding))
    if (-not ($CreateGpoDisabled)) { $gpo.GpoStatus = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.GpoStatus]::UserSettingsDisabled }
    $gpo.MakeAclConsistent()
    $mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams = @{
        Guid      = $gpo.Id.Guid
        Extension = @($settings.gpoExtensions['Security'], $settings.gpoExtensions['Computer Restricted Groups'])
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpoUpdated = Set-MDIGPOMachineExtension @mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams

    $settings.RemoteSAM.DenyGPPermissions.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
        $adObjectParams = @{
            LDAPFilter = "(objectSid=$($_.Name -f $domainSid))"
            Properties = "samaccountname"
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $adObjectParams.Add("Server", $server) }
        $identitySamAccountName = (Get-ADObject @adObjectParams).samaccountname
        $mdiApplyParams = @{
            Guid           = $gpo.Id.Guid
            Identity       = $identitySamAccountName
            PermissionType = "Deny"
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiApplyParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        $gpoAclUpdate = Set-MDIGpoApplyPermission @mdiApplyParams
        if (-not $gpoAclUpdate) {
            Write-Warning $strings['GPO_UnableToSetPermissions']
        }
    }

    if ($null -ne $gpoUpdated) {
        if (-not $SkipGpoLink) {
            if (-not $SkipGpoLink) {
                Write-Warning -Message ($strings['GPO_ManualLinkRequired'] -f $GPO.DisplayName)
            }
        }
    } else {
        Write-Warning $strings['GPO_UnableToSetExtension']
    }
}

function Test-MDIRemoteSAMGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed,
        [string] $Identity,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.RemoteSAM.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    Write-Verbose -Message ($strings['GPO_Validate'] -f $gpoName)
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Identity      = $Identity
        GpoNamePrefix = $GpoNamePrefix
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $state = $false
    $gpo = Get-MDIRemoteSAMGPO @mdiGpoParams

    if ($gpo) {
        $gpSetOk = @($gpo.RegistryValue | Where-Object {
                ([string]::Compare($_.Value, $_.ExpectedValue) -eq 0)
            }).Count -eq $settings.RemoteSAM.RegistrySet.Count
        if ($gpSetOk) {
            $mdiGpoCheckParams = @{
                GPO                = $gpo
                ManualLinkRequired = $true
            }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoCheckParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
            $state = Test-MDIGPOEnabledAndLink @mdiGpoCheckParams
        } else {
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SettingsMismatch']
        }
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $state)
    if ($Detailed) {
        $RegistryValue = $gpo.RegistryValue
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $state
                Details = if ($gpo) { $gpo | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, GpoStatus, @{N = 'RegistryValue'; E = { [string]($gpo.RegistryValue -join ',') } } }
                else { "'{0}' - {1}" -f $gpoName, $strings['GPO_NotFound'] }
            })
    } else {
        $state
    }
}

#endregion

#region EntraConnect Auditing helper functions
function Add-MDIServiceLogonRight {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $Identity
    )
    $identitySamAccountName = (Get-MDIDSA -Identity $Identity).sAMAccountName
    $secPol = Get-MDIServiceLogonRight
    $filePath = '{0}\secpol.inf' -f $env:temp
    $dbPath = '{0}\secpol.db' -f $env:temp
    ($secPol) -replace '^SeServiceLogonRight .+', "`$0,$identitySamAccountName" | Set-Content "$filePath" -Force
    $null = & "$($env:SystemRoot)\system32\secedit.exe" @('/import', '/cfg', "$filePath", '/db', "$dbPath", '/areas', 'USER_RIGHTS', '/overwrite', '/quiet')
    $null = & "$($env:SystemRoot)\system32\secedit.exe" @('/configure', '/cfg', "$filePath", '/db', "$dbPath", '/areas', 'USER_RIGHTS', '/overwrite', '/quiet')
    Remove-Item $filePath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    Remove-Item $dbPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}

function Get-MDIServiceLogonRight {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $filePath = '{0}\secpol.inf' -f $env:temp
    $null = & "$($env:SystemRoot)\system32\secedit.exe" @('/export', '/cfg', "$filePath")
    $content = Get-Content $filePath
    Remove-Item $filePath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    return $content
}

function Get-MDIEntraConnectAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $relevantGUIDs = @($settings.EntraConnectAuditing.AuditSet | ConvertFrom-Csv) | Select-Object -ExpandProperty 'Subcategory GUID' -Unique
    $auditResult = Get-MDIAdvAuditPolicy | Where-Object { $_.'Subcategory GUID' -in $relevantGUIDs }
    $secPol = ((Get-MDIServiceLogonRight) -match 'SeServiceLogonRight')
    return [PSCustomObject](@{
            AuditSettings = $auditResult
            GptSettings   = $secPol
        })
}

function Test-MDIEntraConnectAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed,
        [string] $Identity
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['AdvancedPolicyEntra_Validate']
    $identitySid = (Get-MDIDSA -Identity $Identity).objectSid.value
    $existingEntraConnectSettings = Get-MDIEntraConnectAuditing
    $result = Test-MDIAdvAuditPolicy -ExpectedAuditing @($settings.EntraConnectAuditing.AuditSet | ConvertFrom-Csv) -Detailed:$Detailed
    if ($Detailed) {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result.Status)
    } else {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result)
    }
    $result | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name GptSettings -Value $existingEntraConnectSettings.GptSettings
    $result.Status = $result.status -and ($($result.GptSettings) -match $identitySid)
    return $result
}

function Set-MDIEntraConnectAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $Identity
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['AdvancedPolicyEntra_Set']
    Add-MDIServiceLogonRight -Identity $Identity
    $settings.EntraConnectAuditing.AuditSet | ConvertFrom-Csv | ForEach-Object {
        $param = @{
            SubcategoryGUID  = $_.'Subcategory GUID'
            InclusionSetting = $_.'Inclusion Setting'
        }
        Set-MDIAdvAuditPolicy @param
    }
}

function Get-MDIEntraConnectAuditingGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $Identity,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $identitySid = (Get-MDIDSA -Identity $Identity).objectSid.value
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.EntraConnectAuditing.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    if ($gpo) {
        $gpoReportParams = @{
            Guid       = $gpo.Id
            ReportType = "Xml"
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoReportParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        $report = [xml](Get-GPOReport @gpoReportParams)
        $currentSettings = $report.GPO.Computer.ExtensionData.Extension.AuditSetting
        $expectedSettings = $settings.EntraConnectAuditing.AuditSet | ConvertFrom-Csv
        $AuditSettings = foreach ($audit in $expectedSettings) {
            [PSCustomObject]@{
                PolicyTarget    = $audit.'Policy Target'
                SubcategoryName = $audit.'Subcategory'
                SubcategoryGuid = $audit.'Subcategory GUID'
                SettingValue    = $audit.'Setting Value'
                ExpectedValue   = ($currentSettings | Where-Object { -not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($_) } | Where-Object {
                    ($_.SubcategoryGuid).ToUpper() -eq ($audit.'Subcategory GUID').ToUpper() -and
                        $_.PolicyTarget -eq $audit.'Policy Target' }).SettingValue
            }
        }
        $currentSettings = ($report.GPO.Computer.ExtensionData.Extension.UserRightsAssignment | Where-Object { $_.name -eq 'SeServiceLogonRight' }).member.sid.'#text' | sort
        $expectedSettings = (($settings.EntraConnectAuditing.GptSet['SeServiceLogonRight'] -split ',').trim('*') -f $identitySid) -split ' ' | sort
        $GptSettings = [PSCustomObject]@{
            UserRightsAssignment = 'Logon as a Service'
            SettingValue         = [string]$expectedSettings -join ','
            ExpectedValue        = [string]$(foreach ($gpt in $expectedSettings) { $currentSettings | Where-Object { -not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($_) } | Where-Object { $_ -eq $gpt } }) -join ','
        }
    }
    $gpo | Select-Object -Property *, @{N = 'AuditSettings'; E = { $AuditSettings } }, @{N = 'GptSettings'; E = { $GptSettings | select SettingValue, ExpectedValue } }
}

function Test-MDIEntraConnectAuditingGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed,
        [string] $Identity,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.EntraConnectAuditing.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    Write-Verbose -Message ($strings['GPO_Validate'] -f $gpoName)
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Identity      = $Identity
        GpoNamePrefix = $GpoNamePrefix
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $state = $false
    $gpo = Get-MDIEntraConnectAuditingGPO @mdiGpoParams

    if ($gpo) {
        $expectedSettings = @($settings.EntraConnectAuditing.AuditSet | ConvertFrom-Csv)
        $gpSetOk = ((@(($gpo.GptSettings | ? { $_.SettingValue -match $_.ExpectedValue })).count -eq 1)) -and (@($gpo.AuditSettings | Where-Object { $_.SettingValue -match $_.ExpectedValue }).Count -eq $expectedSettings.Count)
        if ($gpSetOk) {
            $mdiGpoCheckParams = @{
                GPO                = $gpo
                ManualLinkRequired = $true
            }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoCheckParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
            $state = Test-MDIGPOEnabledAndLink @mdiGpoCheckParams
        } else {
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SettingsMismatch']
        }
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $state)
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $state
                Details = if ($gpo) { $gpo | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, GpoStatus, @{N = "AuditSettings"; E = { [string]($gpo.AuditSettings -join ',') } }, @{N = "GptSettings"; E = { [string]($gpo.GptSettings -join ',') } } }
                else { "'{0}' - {1}" -f $gpoName, $strings['GPO_NotFound'] }
            })
    } else {
        $state
    }
}

function Set-MDIEntraConnectAuditingGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $SkipGpoLink,
        [string] $Identity,
        [switch] $CreateGpoDisabled,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $identitySid = (Get-MDIDSA -Identity $Identity).objectSid.value
    if ($null -eq $identitySid) {
        throw
    }
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.EntraConnectAuditing.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    if ($null -eq $gpo) {
        $mdiGpoParams.Add("CreateGpoDisabled", $CreateGpoDisabled)
        $gpo = New-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    }

    $filePath = '{0}\Machine\Microsoft\Windows NT\SecEdit' -f $gpo.gPCFileSysPath
    try {
        New-Item -Path $filePath -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null
    } catch {}

    $fileContent = @'
[Unicode]
Unicode=yes
[Version]
signature="$CHICAGO$"
Revision=1
[Privilege Rights]
'@

    $settings.EntraConnectAuditing.GptSet.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
        $fileContent += '{2}{0}={1}' -f $_.Name, $($_.Value -f $identitySid), [System.Environment]::NewLine
    }
    [System.Io.File]::WriteAllLines((Join-Path -Path $filePath -ChildPath 'GptTmpl.inf'), $fileContent, (New-Object System.Text.UTF8Encoding))

    $auditFilePath = '{0}\Machine\Microsoft\Windows NT\Audit' -f $gpo.gPCFileSysPath
    try {
        New-Item -Path $auditFilePath -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null
    } catch {}
    [System.io.file]::WriteAllLines((Join-Path -Path $auditFilePath -ChildPath 'audit.csv'), $settings.EntraConnectAuditing.AuditSet, (New-Object System.Text.ASCIIEncoding))

    if (-not ($CreateGpoDisabled)) { $gpo.GpoStatus = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.GpoStatus]::UserSettingsDisabled }
    $gpo.MakeAclConsistent()
    $stringBuilderGpc = [System.Text.StringBuilder]::new()
    [void]$stringBuilderGpc.Append("{$($settings.gpoExtensions['Security'])}")
    [void]$stringBuilderGpc.Append("{$($settings.gpoExtensions['Computer Restricted Groups'])}")
    $stringBuilderAudit = [System.Text.StringBuilder]::new()
    [void]$stringBuilderAudit.Append("{$($settings.gpoExtensions['Audit Policy Configuration'])}")
    [void]$stringBuilderAudit.Append("{$($settings.gpoExtensions['Audit Configuration Extension'])}")
    $mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams = @{
        Guid         = $gpo.Id.Guid
        RawExtension = '[{0}][{1}]' -f $stringBuilderGpc.ToString(), $stringBuilderAudit.ToString()
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpoUpdated = Set-MDIGPOMachineExtension @mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams

    if ($null -ne $gpoUpdated) {
        if (-not $SkipGpoLink) {
            Write-Warning -Message ($strings['GPO_ManualLinkRequired'] -f $GPO.DisplayName)
        }
    } else {
        Write-Warning $strings['GPO_UnableToSetExtension']
    }
}

#endregion

#region NTLM Auditing helper functions

function Get-MDINTLMAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $settings.NTLMAuditing.RegistrySet.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
        $name = ($_.Name -split '\\')[-1]
        $path = 'HKLM:\{0}' -f ($_.Name -replace $name)
        $value = Get-ItemProperty -Path $path -Name $name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -ExpandProperty $name
        $expected = $_.Value
        [PSCustomObject]@{
            Path          = $path
            Name          = $name
            ActualValue   = $value
            ExpectedValue = $expected
        }
    }
}

function Test-MDINTLMAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['NTLM_ValidateAuditing']
    $ntlmAuditing = Get-MDINTLMAuditing
    $status = @($ntlmAuditing | Where-Object { $_.ActualValue -match $_.ExpectedValue }).Count -eq $settings.NTLMAuditing.RegistrySet.Count
    Write-Verbose (Get-MDIValidationMessage $status)
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $status
                Details = $ntlmAuditing
            })
    } else {
        $status
    }
}

function Set-MDINTLMAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $settings.NTLMAuditing.RegistrySet.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
        $name = ($_.Name -split '\\')[-1]
        $path = 'HKLM:\{0}' -f ($_.Name -replace $name)
        $value = ($_.Value -split '\|')[0]
        Set-ItemProperty -Path $path -Name $name -Value $value -ErrorAction Stop
    }
}

function Get-MDINTLMAuditingGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.NTLMAuditing.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    if ($gpo) {
        $gpoReportParams = @{
            Guid       = $gpo.Id
            ReportType = "Xml"
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoReportParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        $report = [xml](Get-GPOReport @gpoReportParams)

        $options = $report.GPO.Computer.ExtensionData.Extension.SecurityOptions | Where-Object { $_.KeyName -Match 'AuditReceivingNTLMTraffic|RestrictSendingNTLMTraffic|AuditNTLMInDomain' }
        $RegistryValue = foreach ($opt in $options) {
            $valueName = ($opt.KeyName -split '\\')[-1]
            $path = $opt.KeyName -replace '(.*)\\(\w+)', '$1'
            [PSCustomObject]@{
                KeyName       = $path
                valueName     = $valueName
                Value         = $opt.SettingNumber
                valueDisplay  = $opt.Display.DisplayString
                ExpectedValue = ($settings.NTLMAuditing.RegistrySet.GetEnumerator() |
                        Where-Object { ('MACHINE\{0}' -f $_.Name) -eq (Join-Path -Path $path -ChildPath $valueName) }).Value
            }
        }
        $gpo | Select-Object -Property *, @{N = 'RegistryValue'; E = { $RegistryValue } }
    }
}

function Test-MDINTLMAuditingGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.NTLMAuditing.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    Write-Verbose -Message ($strings['GPO_Validate'] -f $gpoName)
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        GpoNamePrefix = $GpoNamePrefix
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $state = $false
    $gpo = Get-MDINTLMAuditingGPO @mdiGpoParams

    if ($gpo) {
        $gpSetOk = @($gpo.RegistryValue | Where-Object {
                $_.Value -match $_.ExpectedValue
            }).Count -eq $settings.NTLMAuditing.RegistrySet.Count
        if ($gpSetOk) {
            $mdiGpoCheckParams = @{
                GPO = $gpo
            }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoCheckParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
            $state = Test-MDIGPOEnabledAndLink @mdiGpoCheckParams
        } else {
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SettingsMismatch']
        }
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $state)
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $state
                Details = if ($gpo) { $gpo | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, GpoStatus, RegistryValue }
                else { "'{0}' - {1}" -f $gpoName, $strings['GPO_NotFound'] }
            })
    } else {
        $state
    }
}

function Set-MDINTLMAuditingGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $SkipGpoLink,
        [switch] $CreateGpoDisabled,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.NTLMAuditing.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    if ($null -eq $gpo) {
        $mdiGpoParams.Add("CreateGpoDisabled", $CreateGpoDisabled)
        $gpo = New-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    }

    $filePath = '{0}\Machine\Microsoft\Windows NT\SecEdit' -f $gpo.gPCFileSysPath
    try {
        New-Item -Path $filePath -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null
    } catch {}

    $fileContent = @'
[Unicode]
Unicode=yes
[Version]
signature="$CHICAGO$"
Revision=1
[Registry Values]
'@

    $settings.NTLMAuditing.RegistrySet.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
        $value = ($_.Value -split '\|')[0]
        $fileContent += '{2}MACHINE\{0}=4,{1}' -f $_.Name, $Value, [System.Environment]::NewLine
    }
    [System.Io.File]::WriteAllLines((Join-Path -Path $filePath -ChildPath 'GptTmpl.inf'), $fileContent, (New-Object System.Text.UnicodeEncoding))
    if (-not ($CreateGpoDisabled)) { $gpo.GpoStatus = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.GpoStatus]::UserSettingsDisabled }
    $gpo.MakeAclConsistent()
    $mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams = @{
        Guid      = $gpo.Id.Guid
        Extension = @($settings.gpoExtensions['Security'], $settings.gpoExtensions['Computer Restricted Groups'])
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpoUpdated = Set-MDIGPOMachineExtension @mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams

    if ($null -ne $gpoUpdated) {
        if (-not $SkipGpoLink) {
            $gpLinkParams = @{
                Guid        = $gpo.Id.Guid
                LinkEnabled = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnableLink]::Yes
                Enforced    = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnforceLink]::Yes
                Target      = 'OU=Domain Controllers,{0}' -f ([adsi]'').distinguishedName.Value
            }
            if ($Server) {
                Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
                $gpLinkParams.Add("Server", $Server)
            }
            Set-MDIGPOLink @gpLinkParams
        }
    } else {
        Write-Warning $strings['GPO_UnableToSetExtension']
    }
}

#endregion

#region Advanced Auditing Policy helper functions

function Get-MDIAdvAuditPolicy {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    & "$($env:SystemRoot)\system32\auditpol.exe" @('/get', '/category:*', '/r') | ConvertFrom-Csv |
        Select-Object *, @{N = 'Setting Value'; E = {
                $setting = 0
                if ($_.'Inclusion Setting' -match 'Success') { $setting += 1 }
                if ($_.'Inclusion Setting' -match 'Failure') { $setting += 2 }
                if ($_.'Exclusion Setting' -match 'Success') { $setting += 4 }
                if ($_.'Exclusion Setting' -match 'Failure') { $setting += 8 }
                $setting
            }
        }
}

function Test-MDIAdvAuditPolicy {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
        [object[]] $ExpectedAuditing,
        [switch] $Detailed
    )
    $AppliedAuditing = Get-MDIAdvAuditPolicy
    $status = @(foreach ($applied in $AppliedAuditing) {
            $ExpectedAuditing | Where-Object {
            ($applied.'Policy Target') -eq ($_.'Policy Target') -and
            ($applied.'Subcategory GUID').ToUpper() -eq ($_.'Subcategory Guid').ToUpper() -and
            ($applied.'Setting Value') -eq ($_.'Setting Value')
            }
        }).Count -ge $ExpectedAuditing.Count
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $status
                Details = $AppliedAuditing
            })
    } else {
        $status
    }
}

function Set-MDIAdvAuditPolicy {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] $SubcategoryGUID,
        [string] $InclusionSetting
    )
    if ($SubcategoryGUID -notmatch '^{.*}$') { $SubcategoryGUID = "{$SubcategoryGUID}" }
    $success = if ($InclusionSetting -match 'Success') { 'enable' } else { 'disable' }
    $failure = if ($InclusionSetting -match 'Failure') { 'enable' } else { 'disable' }
    $null = & "$($env:SystemRoot)\system32\auditpol.exe" @('/set', "/subcategory:$SubcategoryGUID", "/success:$success", "/failure:$failure")
}

#endregion

#region Advanced Auditing Policy for DCs Settings

function Get-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyDCsGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    if ($gpo) {
        $gpoReportParams = @{
            Guid       = $gpo.Id
            ReportType = "Xml"
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoReportParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        $report = [xml](Get-GPOReport @gpoReportParams)
        $currentSettings = $report.GPO.Computer.ExtensionData.Extension.AuditSetting
        $expectedSettings = $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs.PolicySettings | ConvertFrom-Csv
        $AuditSettings = foreach ($audit in $expectedSettings) {
            [PSCustomObject]@{
                PolicyTarget    = $audit.'Policy Target'
                SubcategoryName = $audit.'Subcategory'
                SubcategoryGuid = $audit.'Subcategory GUID'
                SettingValue    = $audit.'Setting Value'
                ExpectedValue   = ($currentSettings | Where-Object { -not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($_) } | Where-Object {
                    ($_.SubcategoryGuid).ToUpper() -eq ($audit.'Subcategory GUID').ToUpper() -and
                        $_.PolicyTarget -eq $audit.'Policy Target' }).SettingValue
            }
        }
        $gpo | Select-Object -Property *, @{N = 'AuditSettings'; E = { $AuditSettings } }
    }
}

function Test-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyDCsGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    Write-Verbose -Message ($strings['GPO_Validate'] -f $gpoName)
    $state = $false
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        GpoNamePrefix = $GpoNamePrefix
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyDCsGPO @mdiGpoParams
    if ($gpo) {
        $expectedSettings = @($settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs.PolicySettings | ConvertFrom-Csv)
        $gpSetOk = @($gpo.AuditSettings | Where-Object {
                $_.SettingValue -match $_.ExpectedValue
            }).Count -eq $expectedSettings.Count

        if ($gpSetOk) {
            $mdiGpoCheckParams = @{
                GPO = $gpo
            }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoCheckParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
            $state = Test-MDIGPOEnabledAndLink @mdiGpoCheckParams
        } else {
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SettingsMismatch']
        }
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $state)
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $state
                Details = if ($gpo) { $gpo | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, GpoStatus, AuditSettings }
                else { "'{0}' - {1}" -f $gpoName, $strings['GPO_NotFound'] }
            })
    } else {
        $state
    }
}

function Set-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyDCsGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $SkipGpoLink,
        [switch] $CreateGpoDisabled,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    if ($null -eq $gpo) {
        $mdiGpoParams.Add("CreateGpoDisabled", $CreateGpoDisabled)
        $gpo = New-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    }

    $filePath = '{0}\Machine\Microsoft\Windows NT\Audit' -f $gpo.gPCFileSysPath
    try {
        New-Item -Path $filePath -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null
    } catch {}
    [System.io.file]::WriteAllLines((Join-Path -Path $filePath -ChildPath 'audit.csv'), $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs.PolicySettings, (New-Object System.Text.ASCIIEncoding))

    if (-not ($CreateGpoDisabled)) { $gpo.GpoStatus = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.GpoStatus]::UserSettingsDisabled }
    $gpo.MakeAclConsistent()
    $mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams = @{
        Guid      = $gpo.Id.Guid
        Extension = @($settings.gpoExtensions['Audit Policy Configuration'], $settings.gpoExtensions['Audit Configuration Extension'])
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpoUpdated = Set-MDIGPOMachineExtension @mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams

    if ($null -ne $gpoUpdated) {
        if (-not $SkipGpoLink) {
            $gpLinkParams = @{
                Guid        = $gpo.Id.Guid
                LinkEnabled = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnableLink]::Yes
                Enforced    = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnforceLink]::Yes
                Target      = 'OU=Domain Controllers,{0}' -f ([adsi]'').distinguishedName.Value
            }
            if ($Server) {
                Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
                $gpLinkParams.Add("Server", $Server)
            }
            Set-MDIGPOLink @gpLinkParams
        }
    } else {
        Write-Warning $strings['GPO_UnableToSetExtension']
    }
}

function Get-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyDCs {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $relevantGUIDs = @($settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs.PolicySettings | ConvertFrom-Csv) | Select-Object -ExpandProperty 'Subcategory GUID' -Unique
    Get-MDIAdvAuditPolicy | Where-Object { $_.'Subcategory GUID' -in $relevantGUIDs }
}

function Test-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyDCs {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['AdvancedPolicyDCs_Validate']
    $result = Test-MDIAdvAuditPolicy -ExpectedAuditing @($settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs.PolicySettings | ConvertFrom-Csv) -Detailed:$Detailed
    if ($Detailed) {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result.Status)
    } else {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result)
    }
    $result
}

function Set-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyDCs {
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['AdvancedPolicyDCs_Set']
    $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs.PolicySettings | ConvertFrom-Csv | ForEach-Object {
        $param = @{
            SubcategoryGUID  = $_.'Subcategory GUID'
            InclusionSetting = $_.'Inclusion Setting'
        }
        Set-MDIAdvAuditPolicy @param
    }
}

#endregion

#region Advanced Auditing Policy for CAs Settings

function Get-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyCAsGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    if ($gpo) {
        $gpoReportParams = @{
            Guid       = $gpo.Id
            ReportType = "Xml"
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $gpoReportParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        $report = [xml](Get-GPOReport @gpoReportParams)
        $currentSettings = $report.GPO.Computer.ExtensionData.Extension.AuditSetting
        $expectedSettings = $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.PolicySettings | ConvertFrom-Csv
        $AuditSettings = foreach ($audit in $expectedSettings) {
            [PSCustomObject]@{
                PolicyTarget    = $audit.'Policy Target'
                SubcategoryName = $audit.'Subcategory'
                SubcategoryGuid = $audit.'Subcategory GUID'
                SettingValue    = $audit.'Setting Value'
                ExpectedValue   = ($currentSettings | Where-Object {
                        $_.SubcategoryName -eq ($audit.Subcategory) -and
                        ($_.SubcategoryGuid).ToUpper() -eq ($audit.'Subcategory GUID').ToUpper() -and
                        $_.PolicyTarget -eq $audit.'Policy Target' }).SettingValue
            }
        }
        $delegation = $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.GPPermissions.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
            $mdiGpPermissionParams = @{
                Guid       = $gpo.Id.Guid
                TargetType = "Group"
                TargetName = Get-MDIADObjectName -SidMask $_.Key
            }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpPermissionParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
            Get-GPPermission @mdiGpPermissionParams
        }
        $gpo = $gpo | Select-Object -Property *, @{N = 'AuditSettings'; E = { $AuditSettings } }, @{N = 'Delegation'; E = { $delegation } }
    }
    $gpo
}

function Test-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyCAsGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    Write-Verbose -Message ($strings['GPO_Validate'] -f $gpoName)
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        GpoNamePrefix = $GpoNamePrefix
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $state = $false
    $gpo = Get-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyCAsGPO @mdiGpoParams

    if ($gpo) {
        $expectedSettings = @($settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.PolicySettings | ConvertFrom-Csv)
        $gpSetOk = @($gpo.AuditSettings | Where-Object {
                $_.SettingValue -match $_.ExpectedValue
            }).Count -eq $expectedSettings.Count

        if ($gpSetOk) {
            $mapping = @{}; $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.GPPermissions.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
                $mapping[(Get-MDIADObjectName -SidMask $_.Key)] = $_.Key
            }

            $gpDelegationOk = @($gpo.Delegation | Where-Object {
                    $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.GPPermissions[$mapping[$_.Trustee.Name]] -eq $_.Permission
                }).Count -eq $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.GPPermissions.Count

            if (-not $gpDelegationOk) {
                Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_DelegationMismatch']
            } else {
                $mdiGpoCheckParams = @{
                    GPO = $gpo
                }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoCheckParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
                $state = Test-MDIGPOEnabledAndLink @mdiGpoCheckParams
            }

        } else {
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SettingsMismatch']
        }
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $state)
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $state
                Details = if ($gpo) { $gpo | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, GpoStatus, AuditSettings }
                else { "'{0}' - {1}" -f $gpoName, $strings['GPO_NotFound'] }
            })
    } else {
        $state
    }
}

function Set-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyCAsGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $SkipGpoLink,
        [switch] $CreateGpoDisabled,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    if ($null -eq $gpo) {
        $mdiGpoParams.Add("CreateGpoDisabled", $CreateGpoDisabled)
        $gpo = New-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    }
    if ($gpo) {
        $filePath = '{0}\Machine\Microsoft\Windows NT\Audit' -f $gpo.gPCFileSysPath
        try {
            Test-Path $filePath | Out-Null
        } catch {
            Start-Sleep 3
        }
        try {
            New-Item -Path $filePath -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null
            Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
        } catch {}
        [System.io.file]::WriteAllLines((Join-Path -Path $filePath -ChildPath 'audit.csv'), $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.PolicySettings, (New-Object System.Text.ASCIIEncoding))

        if (-not ($CreateGpoDisabled)) { $gpo.GpoStatus = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.GpoStatus]::UserSettingsDisabled }
        $gpo.MakeAclConsistent()
        $mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams = @{
            Guid      = $gpo.Id.Guid
            Extension = @($settings.gpoExtensions['Audit Policy Configuration'], $settings.gpoExtensions['Audit Configuration Extension'])
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        $gpoUpdated = Set-MDIGPOMachineExtension @mdiGpoMachineExtensionParams
        Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SetDelegation']
        $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.GPPermissions.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
            $TargetName = Get-MDIADObjectName -SidMask $_.Key
            $PermissionLevel = $($_.Value)
            $mdiGpPermissionParams = @{
                Guid            = $gpo.Id.Guid
                TargetType      = "Group"
                TargetName      = "$TargetName"
                PermissionLevel = "$PermissionLevel"
                Replace         = $true
            }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpPermissionParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
            Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
            Set-GPPermission @mdiGpPermissionParams | Out-Null
        }

        if ($null -ne $gpoUpdated) {
            if (-not $SkipGpoLink) {
                $gpLinkParams = @{
                    Guid        = $gpo.Id.Guid
                    LinkEnabled = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnableLink]::Yes
                    Enforced    = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnforceLink]::Yes
                    Target      = ([adsi]'').distinguishedName.Value
                }
                if ($Server) {
                    Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
                    $gpLinkParams.Add("Server", $Server)
                }
                Set-MDIGPOLink @gpLinkParams
            }
        } else {
            Write-Warning $strings['GPO_UnableToSetExtension']
        }
    }

}

function Get-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyCAs {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $relevantGUIDs = @($settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.PolicySettings | ConvertFrom-Csv) | Select-Object -ExpandProperty 'Subcategory GUID' -Unique
    Get-MDIAdvAuditPolicy | Where-Object { $_.'Subcategory GUID' -in $relevantGUIDs }
}

function Test-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyCAs {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['AdvancedPolicyCAs_Validate']
    if (Test-MDICAServer) {
        $result = Test-MDIAdvAuditPolicy -ExpectedAuditing @($settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.PolicySettings | ConvertFrom-Csv) -Detailed:$Detailed
    } else {
        Write-Verbose -Message $strings['CAAuditing_NotCAServer']
        $result = [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $true
                Details = $strings['CAAuditing_NotCAServer']
            })
    }

    if ($Detailed) {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result.Status)
    } else {
        Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $result)
    }
    $result
}

function Set-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyCAs {
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['AdvancedPolicyCAs_Set']
    $settings.AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs.PolicySettings | ConvertFrom-Csv | ForEach-Object {
        $param = @{
            SubcategoryGUID  = $_.'Subcategory GUID'
            InclusionSetting = $_.'Inclusion Setting'
        }
        Set-MDIAdvAuditPolicy @param
    }
}

#endregion

#region CA Audit configuration helper functions

function Get-MDICAAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    $certSvcConfigPath = $settings.CAAuditing.RegPathActive
    $name = ($certSvcConfigPath -split '\\')[-1]
    $activePath = 'HKLM:\{0}' -f ($certSvcConfigPath -replace $name)
    $activeValue = Get-ItemProperty -Path $activePath -Name $name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -ExpandProperty $name

    $settings.CAAuditing.RegistrySet.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
        $name = ($_.Name -split '\\')[-1]
        $path = 'HKLM:\{0}' -f (($_.Name -replace $name) -f $activeValue)
        $value = Get-ItemProperty -Path $path -Name $name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -ExpandProperty $name
        $expected = $_.Value
        [PSCustomObject]@{
            Path          = $path
            Name          = $name
            ActualValue   = $value
            ExpectedValue = $expected
        }
    }
}

function Test-MDICAAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed
    )
    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['CAAuditing_Validate']
    if (Test-MDICAServer) {
        $caAuditing = Get-MDICAAuditing
        $caAuditingOk = @($caAuditing | Where-Object { $_.ActualValue -match $_.ExpectedValue }).Count -eq $settings.CAAuditing.RegistrySet.Count
    } else {
        Write-Verbose -Message $strings['CAAuditing_NotCAServer']
        $caAuditing = $strings['CAAuditing_NotCAServer']
        $caAuditingOk = $true
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $caAuditingOk)

    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $caAuditingOk
                Details = $caAuditing
            })
    } else {
        $caAuditingOk
    }
}

function Set-MDICAAuditing {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $SkipServiceRestart
    )
    if (Get-Service CertSvc -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
        $certSvcConfigPath = $settings.CAAuditing.RegPathActive
        $name = ($certSvcConfigPath -split '\\')[-1]
        $activePath = 'HKLM:\{0}' -f ($certSvcConfigPath -replace $name)
        $activeValue = Get-ItemProperty -Path $activePath -Name $name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -ExpandProperty $name

        $settings.CAAuditing.RegistrySet.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
            $name = ($_.Name -split '\\')[-1]
            $path = 'HKLM:\{0}' -f (($_.Name -replace $name) -f $activeValue)
            $value = ($_.Value -split '\|')[0]
            Write-Verbose -Message ('Setting {0}{1} to {2}' -f $path, $name, $value)
            Set-ItemProperty -Path $path -Name $name -Value $value -Type DWord -ErrorAction Stop
        }
        if (-not $SkipServiceRestart) { Restart-Service -Name CertSvc -Force -Verbose:$VerbosePreference }
    } else {
        Write-Warning $strings['CAAuditing_NotCAServer']
    }
}

function Get-MDICAAuditingGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.CAAuditing.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams

    if ($gpo) {
        $params = @{
            Guid      = $gpo.Id
            Context   = 'Computer'
            Key       = 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\{0}' -f $settings.CAAuditing.GpoReg
            ValueName = ($settings.CAAuditing.GpoVal).Keys[0]
        }; if ($Server) { $params.Add("Server", $Server) }
        $GPPrefRegistryValue = Get-GPPrefRegistryValue @params -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        $delegation = $settings.CAAuditing.GPPermissions.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
            $mdiGpPermissionParams = @{
                Guid       = $gpo.Id.Guid
                TargetType = "Group"
                TargetName = Get-MDIADObjectName -SidMask $_.Key
            }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpPermissionParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
            Get-GPPermission @mdiGpPermissionParams
        }
        $gpo = $gpo | Select-Object -Property *, @{N = 'GPPrefRegistryValue'; E = { $GPPrefRegistryValue } }, @{N = 'Delegation'; E = { $delegation } }
    }
    $gpo
}

function Test-MDICAAuditingGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $Detailed,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.CAAuditing.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    Write-Verbose -Message ($strings['GPO_Validate'] -f $gpoName)
    $state = $false
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        GpoNamePrefix = $GpoNamePrefix
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDICAAuditingGPO @mdiGpoParams
    $gpSetOk = @()

    if ($gpo -and $gpo.GPPrefRegistryValue) {
        $settings.CAAuditing.GpoVal.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
            $expected = [PSCustomObject]@{
                DisabledDirectly = $false
                Type             = 'DWord'
                Action           = 'Update'
                Hive             = 'LocalMachine'
                FullKeyPath      = 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\{0}' -f $settings.CAAuditing.GpoReg
                ValueName        = $_.Key
                Value            = $_.Value
            }
            $properties = $expected | Get-Member -MemberType NoteProperty | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name
            $applied = $gpo.GPPrefRegistryValue | Select-Object -Property $properties
            $gpSetOk += ($null -ne (Compare-Object -ReferenceObject $applied -DifferenceObject $expected -Property $properties -IncludeEqual -ExcludeDifferent))
        }

        if (($gpSetOk -eq $false).Count -eq 0) {
            $mapping = @{}; $settings.CAAuditing.GPPermissions.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
                $mapping[(Get-MDIADObjectName -SidMask $_.Key)] = $_.Key
            }

            $gpDelegationOk = @($gpo.Delegation | Where-Object {
                    $settings.CAAuditing.GPPermissions[$mapping[$_.Trustee.Name]] -eq $_.Permission
                }).Count -eq $settings.CAAuditing.GPPermissions.Count

            if (-not $gpDelegationOk) {
                Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_DelegationMismatch']
            } else {
                $mdiGpoParams.Add("GPO", $gpo)
                $mdiGpoParams.Remove("GpoNamePrefix")
                $state = Test-MDIGPOEnabledAndLink @mdiGpoParams
            }

        } else {
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SettingsMismatch']
        }
    }
    Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $state)
    if ($Detailed) {
        [PSCustomObject]([ordered]@{
                Status  = $state
                Details = if ($gpo) { $gpo | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, GpoStatus, GPPrefRegistryValue }
                else { "'{0}' - {1}" -f $gpoName, $strings['GPO_NotFound'] }
            })
    } else {
        $state
    }
}

function Set-MDICAAuditingGPO {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [switch] $SkipGpoLink,
        [switch] $CreateGpoDisabled,
        [string] $GpoNamePrefix,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )

    $gpoName = Get-MDIGPOName -Name $settings.CAAuditing.GpoName -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $mdiGpoParams = @{
        Name = $gpoName
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpoParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $gpo = Get-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams

    if ($null -eq $gpo) {
        $mdiGpoParams.Add("CreateGpoDisabled", $CreateGpoDisabled)
        $gpo = New-MDIGPO @mdiGpoParams
    }

    $settings.CAAuditing.GpoVal.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
        $params = @{
            Guid      = $gpo.Id
            Context   = 'Computer'
            Key       = 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\{0}' -f $settings.CAAuditing.GpoReg
            ValueName = $_.Name
            Order     = -1
        };
        if ($Server) {
            Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
            $params.Add("Server", $Server)
        }
        if (Get-GPPrefRegistryValue @params -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) { $gpo = Remove-GPPrefRegistryValue @params }

        $params += @{
            Value  = [int]$_.Value
            Type   = 'DWord'
            Action = 'Update'
        }
        Set-GPPrefRegistryValue @params | Out-Null
    }

    if (-not ($CreateGpoDisabled)) { $gpo.GpoStatus = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.GpoStatus]::UserSettingsDisabled }
    $gpo.MakeAclConsistent()
    $gpoUpdated = Set-MDIGPOMachineExtension -Guid $gpo.Id.Guid -Extension @(
        $settings.gpoExtensions['Preference CSE GUID Registry'], $settings.gpoExtensions['Preference Tool CSE GUID Registry'])

    Write-Verbose -Message $strings['GPO_SetDelegation']
    $settings.CAAuditing.GPPermissions.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
        $TargetName = Get-MDIADObjectName -SidMask $_.Key
        $PermissionLevel = $($_.Value)
        $mdiGpPermissionParams = @{
            Guid            = $gpo.Id.Guid
            TargetType      = "Group"
            TargetName      = "$TargetName"
            PermissionLevel = "$PermissionLevel"
            Replace         = $true
        }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiGpPermissionParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
        Set-GPPermission @mdiGpPermissionParams | Out-Null
    }

    if ($null -ne $gpoUpdated) {
        if (-not $SkipGpoLink) {
            $gpLinkParams = @{
                Guid        = $gpo.Id.Guid
                LinkEnabled = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnableLink]::Yes
                Enforced    = [Microsoft.GroupPolicy.EnforceLink]::Yes
                Target      = ([adsi]'').distinguishedName.Value
            }
            if ($Server) {
                Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 500
                $gpLinkParams.Add("Server", $Server)
            }
            Set-MDIGPOLink @gpLinkParams
        }
    } else {
        Write-Warning $strings['GPO_UnableToSetExtension']
    }
}

#endregion

#region Domain helper functions

function Get-MDIDomainMode {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    (([adsi]'LDAP://rootDSE').properties["domainFunctionality"]).value
}

function Get-MDIForestMode {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    (([adsi]'LDAP://rootDSE').properties["forestFunctionality"]).value
}

function Get-MDIDomainSid {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    (Get-AdDomain -server $Server).DomainSid.value
}

function Get-MDIForestSid {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    (Get-AdDomain -server $((Get-AdDomain).forest)).DomainSid.value
}

function Get-MDIDC {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    & {
        $VerbosePreference = 'SilentlyContinue'
        $returnVal = $null
        if ($Server) {
            try {
                $returnVal = ((Resolve-DnsName $Server -Verbose:$false -ErrorAction Silentlycontinue) | Where-Object { $_.type -eq 'A' })[0].Name
            } catch {
                $returnVal = $Server
            }
            try {
                $socket = New-Object -TypeName System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient -ArgumentList ($returnVal, 9389)
                if (-not $socket.Connected) {
                    throw
                }
                $socket.Close()
            } catch {
                $returnVal = $settings.pdcE
            }
        } else {
            if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($settings.pdcE)) {
                $returnVal = $settings.pdcE
            }
        }
        return $returnVal
    }
}

function Get-MDIDomainSchemaVersion {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Domain = $env:USERDNSDOMAIN
    )
    $schemaVersions = @{
        13 = 'Windows 2000 Server'
        30 = 'Windows Server 2003'
        31 = 'Windows Server 2003 R2'
        44 = 'Windows Server 2008'
        47 = 'Windows Server 2008 R2'
        56 = 'Windows Server 2012'
        69 = 'Windows Server 2012 R2'
        87 = 'Windows Server 2016'
        88 = 'Windows Server 2019 / 2022'
        90 = 'Windows Server vNext'
    }

    Write-Verbose -Message 'Getting AD Schema Version'
    $schema = New-Object -TypeName System.DirectoryServices.DirectoryEntry -ArgumentList (
        'LDAP://{0}' -f ([adsi]'LDAP://rootDSE').Properties['schemaNamingContext'].Value
    )
    $schemaVersion = $schema.Properties['objectVersion'].Value

    $return = @{
        schemaVersion = $schemaVersion
        details       = $schemaVersions[$schemaVersion]
    }
    $return
}

function Get-MDIADObjectName {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidatePattern('^S-1-\d{1}(-\d+){1,2}$|^\{0\}-\d{3}$')] [string] $SidMask
    )

    if ($SidMask -match '^\{0\}-\d{3}$') {
        $sid = $SidMask -f ((Get-ADDomain).DomainSID.Value)
        Get-ADObject -Filter { objectSid -eq $sid } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name
    } else {
        (New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier -ArgumentList $SidMask
            ).Translate([System.Security.Principal.NTAccount]).Value -replace '(.*)\\(.*)', '$2';
    }
}
#endregion

#region DSA helper functions

function Get-MDIDeletedObjectsContainerPermission {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param ()
    $deletedObjectsDN = 'CN=Deleted Objects,{0}' -f ([adsi]'').distinguishedName.Value
    $output = & "$($env:SystemRoot)\system32\dsacls.exe" @($deletedObjectsDN)
    ($output -join [System.Environment]::NewLine) -split '(?=Allow\s)' | Where-Object { $_ -match 'Allow' } | ForEach-Object {
        if ($_ -match 'Allow\s(?<Identity>(NT AUTHORITY\\\w+)|([^\s]+))\s+(?<Permissions>.*(?:\n\s+.*)*)') {
            [PSCustomObject]@{
                Identity    = $Matches.Identity
                Permissions = $Matches.Permissions -split '\s{2,}' | ForEach-Object { $_.Trim() }
            }
        }
    }
}

function Test-MDIDSA {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [string] $Identity,
        [switch] $Detailed,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string] $Server
    )
    $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
    $return = @()
    $adAccountParams = @{
        Identity   = $Identity
        Properties = "msDS-PrincipalName"
    }; if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $adAccountParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
    $account = try {
        Get-ADUser @adAccountParams
    } catch {
        try {
            Get-ADServiceAccount @adAccountParams
        } catch { $null }
    }

    if ($null -eq $account) {
        $return += [PSCustomObject][ordered]@{
            Test    = 'AccountExists'
            Status  = $false
            Details = $strings['ServiceAccount_NotFound']
        }
    } else {

        Write-Verbose -Message $strings['DSA_TestGroupMembership']
        $memberOf = @{}
        $filter = '(&(objectCategory=group)(objectClass=group)(member:1.2.840.113556.1.4.1941:={0}))' -f $account.DistinguishedName
        $searcher = [adsisearcher]$filter
        'objectSid', 'distinguishedName', 'msDS-PrincipalName' | ForEach-Object { [void]($searcher.PropertiesToLoad.Add($_)) }
        $searcher.FindAll() | ForEach-Object {
            $memberOf.Add($_.Properties['distinguishedname'][0],
                [PSCustomObject]@{
                    'objectSid'          = (New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier -ArgumentList @($_.Properties['objectSid'][0], 0)).Value
                    'msDS-PrincipalName' = $_.Properties['msDS-PrincipalName'][0]
                })
        }

        $domainSid = Get-MDIDomainSid -Server $Server
        $forestSid = Get-MDIForestSid -Server $Server
        $sensitiveGroups = @{}
        $settings.SensitiveGroups.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
            if ($_.key -match "Enterprise Admins" -or $_.key -match "Schema Admins") {
                $sensitiveGroups.Add(($_.Value -f $forestSid), $_.Key)
            } else {
                $sensitiveGroups.Add(($_.Value -f $domainSid), $_.Key)
            }
        }

        $sensitiveGroupsMembership = @(
            $memberOf.GetEnumerator() | Where-Object {
                $sensitiveGroups.ContainsKey($_.Value.objectSid)
            } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name
        )
        $return += [PSCustomObject][ordered]@{
            Test    = 'SensitiveGroupsMembership'
            Status  = $sensitiveGroupsMembership.Count -eq 0
            Details = $sensitiveGroupsMembership
        }

        Write-Verbose -Message $strings['DSA_TestDelegation']
        $sidsToCheck = @($account.SID.Value)
        $sidsToCheck += ($memberOf.GetEnumerator() | Where-Object {
                $sensitiveGroupsMembership -notcontains $_.Key }).Value.Value

        $filter = '(|(objectClass=domain)(objectClass=organizationalUnit)(objectClass=group))'
        $searcher = [adsisearcher]$filter
        $searcher.SearchScope = [System.DirectoryServices.SearchScope]::Subtree
        $delegatedObjects = $searcher.FindAll() | ForEach-Object {
            $de = $_.GetDirectoryEntry()
            $permissions = $de.PsBase.ObjectSecurity.GetAccessRules($true, $false, [System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])
            if ($permissions | Where-Object { ($_.AccessControlType -eq 'Allow') -and ($sidsToCheck -contains $_.IdentityReference.Value) }) {
                $de.distinguishedName.Value
            }
        }
        $return += [PSCustomObject][ordered]@{
            Test    = 'ExplicitDelegation'
            Status  = $delegatedObjects.Count -eq 0
            Details = @($delegatedObjects | Select-Object -Unique)
        }

        Write-Verbose -Message $strings['DSA_TestDeletedObjectsAccess']
        $appliedAsExpected = $false
        $msDSPrincipalNamesToCheck = @($memberOf.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object { $_.Value.'msDS-PrincipalName' })
        $msDSPrincipalNamesToCheck += $account.'msDS-PrincipalName'
        $expectedDsacls = @('SPECIAL ACCESS', 'LIST CONTENTS', 'READ PROPERTY')
        $appliedDsacls = Get-MDIDeletedObjectsContainerPermission
        if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($appliedDsacls)) {
            Write-Warning -Message $strings['DSA_CannotReadDeletedObjectsContainer']
        } else {
            $dsaDsacls = $appliedDsacls | Where-Object { $msDSPrincipalNamesToCheck -contains $_.Identity } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Permissions
            if ($null -eq $dsaDsacls) {
                $dsaDsacls = 'NONE'
            } else {
                $dsaDsacls = $dsaDsacls | Select-Object -Unique
                $appliedAsExpected = (Compare-Object -ReferenceObject $dsaDsacls -DifferenceObject $expectedDsacls -IncludeEqual -ExcludeDifferent).Count -eq $expectedDsacls.Count
            }
        }
        $return += [PSCustomObject][ordered]@{
            Test    = 'DeletedObjectsContainerPermission'
            Status  = $appliedAsExpected
            Details = $dsaDsacls
        }

        if ($account.ObjectClass -eq 'user') {
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['DSA_TestManager']
            $filter = '(|(managedBy={0})(manager={0}))' -f ($account.DistinguishedName -replace '\s', '\20')
            $searcher = [adsisearcher]$filter
            $searcher.SearchScope = [System.DirectoryServices.SearchScope]::Subtree
            $managerOf = $searcher.FindAll()
            $return += [PSCustomObject][ordered]@{
                Test    = 'ManagerOf'
                Status  = $managerOf.Count -eq 0
                Details = @($managerOf | ForEach-Object { $_.Properties['distinguishedname'] })
            }
        } else {
            Write-Warning $strings['DSA_SkipGmsaTests']
            Write-Verbose -Message $strings['DSA_TestPasswordRetrieval']
            try {
                $pwdCheck = Test-ADServiceAccount -Identity $($account.samaccountname)
                $return += [PSCustomObject][ordered]@{
                    Test    = 'PasswordRetrieval'
                    Status  = $pwdCheck
                    Details = $null
                }
            } catch {

            }
        }

    }
    $overallStatus = ($return.Status -eq $false).Count -eq 0
    if (-not $Detailed) { $overallStatus }
    else { $return }
    Write-Verbose -Message (Get-MDIValidationMessage $overallStatus)
}

#endregion

#region Connectivity helper functions

function Test-MDISensorApiConnection {
    [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = 'UseCurrentConfiguration')]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'BypassConfiguration')]
        [switch] $BypassConfiguration,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'BypassConfiguration')]
        [string] $SensorApiUrl,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = 'BypassConfiguration')]
        [string] $ProxyUrl,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, ParameterSetName = 'BypassConfiguration')]
        [PSCredential] $ProxyCredential
    )
    
    $protocol = @{
        80  = 'http'
        443 = 'https'
    }

    if ($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName -eq 'BypassConfiguration') {

        $params = @{ URI = $SensorApiUrl }
        if ($ProxyUrl) { $params.Add('Proxy', $ProxyUrl) }
        if ($ProxyCredential) { $params.Add('ProxyCredential', $ProxyCredential) }

    } else {
        $sensorProcesses = Get-MDISensorProcessInformation
        $sensorConfiguration = Get-MDISensorConfiguration
        if ($sensorProcesses.SenseIdentity -eq 'Running') {
            $sensorApiPath = 'cnc/identity/api'
            $URI = '{0}{1}' -f $sensorConfiguration.geoLocationUrl, $sensorApiPath
        } else {
            $sensorApiPath = 'tri/sensor/api/ping'
            $URI = '{0}://{1}' -f $protocol[$sensorConfiguration.WorkspaceApplicationSensorApiWebClientConfigurationServiceEndpoint.Port],
                $sensorConfiguration.WorkspaceApplicationSensorApiWebClientConfigurationServiceEndpoint.Address
        }
        if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($sensorConfiguration)) {
            Write-Error $strings['Sensor_ErrorReadingSensorConfiguration'] -ErrorAction Stop
        } else {
            $params = @{
                URI = $URI
            }
            $params.Add("UseBasicParsing", $true)
            if ($sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.IsProxyEnabled) {
                $params.Add('Proxy', $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.Url)

                if ($sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.IsAuthenticationProxyEnabled) {
                    $decryptParams = @{
                        CertificateThumbprint = $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.CertificateThumbprint
                        EncryptedString       = $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.EncryptedUserPasswordData
                    }
                    $passwd = Get-MDIDecryptedPassword @decryptParams
                    $proxyCredential = New-Object -TypeName System.Management.Automation.PSCredential -ArgumentList @(
                        $sensorConfiguration.SensorProxyConfiguration.UserName,
                        ($passwd | ConvertTo-SecureString -AsPlainText -Force)
                    )
                    $params.Add('ProxyCredential', $proxyCredential)
                }
            }
        }
    }
    try {
        if ($params.URI -notmatch "$sensorApiPath`$") {
            $params.URI = '{0}/{1}' -f $params.URI, $sensorApiPath
        }
        $response = Invoke-WebRequest @params
        if ($params.URI -match "(\/tri\/sensor\/api\/ping)$") {
            (200 -eq $response.StatusCode)
        } else {
            throw
        }
    } catch {
        if (($params.URI -match "(\/cnc\/identity\/api)$") -and ($_.Exception.Response.StatusCode -eq 'InternalServerError')) {
            $true
        } else {
            Write-Verbose -Message $_.Exception.Message
            $false
        }
    }
}

#endregion

#region Post deployment configuration helper functions

function Use-MDIConfigName {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [string[]] $Configuration,
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [string[]] $ActionItem
    )
    $ActionItem += 'All'
    @(Compare-Object -ReferenceObject $Configuration -DifferenceObject $ActionItem -ExcludeDifferent -IncludeEqual).Count -gt 0
}

function Get-MDIConfiguration {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateSet('Domain', 'LocalMachine')] [string] $Mode,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateSet('AdfsAuditing', 'AdRecycleBin', 'AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs', 'AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs',
            'CAAuditing', 'ConfigurationContainerAuditing', 'DomainObjectAuditing', 'EntraConnectAuditing', 'NTLMAuditing', 'ProcessorPerformance', 'RemoteSAM', 'All')] [string[]] $Configuration
    )
    DynamicParam {
        $paramDictionary = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameterDictionary
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $false
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParam1 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("GpoNamePrefix", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $false
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParam3 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("Server", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $true
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParamIdentity = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("Identity", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        if ($Mode -eq 'Domain') {
            $paramDictionary.Add("GpoNamePrefix", $dynParam1)
            $paramDictionary.Add("Server", $dynParam3)
        }
        if ([bool](($($Configuration -join ',')) -match 'EntraConnectAuditing|RemoteSAM|All')) {
            $paramDictionary.Add("Identity", $dynParamIdentity)
        }
        return $paramDictionary
    }
    begin {
        foreach ($key in $PSBoundParameters.Keys) {
            if ($MyInvocation.MyCommand.Parameters.$key.isDynamic) {
                Set-Variable -Name $key -Value $PSBoundParameters.$key
            }
        }
    }
    process {
        $mdiParams = @{
            Detailed      = $true
            GpoNamePrefix = $GpoNamePrefix
        }
        if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        $results = @{}
        if (Use-MDIConfigName $Configuration 'AdfsAuditing') {
            $results.Add('AdfsAuditing', (Test-MDIAdfsAuditing -Detailed))
        }
        if (Use-MDIConfigName $Configuration 'AdRecycleBin') {
            $results.Add('AdRecycleBin', (Test-MDIAdRecycleBin -Detailed))
        }
        if (Use-MDIConfigName $Configuration 'AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs') {
            if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                $results.Add('AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs', (Test-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyCAs -Detailed))
            } else {
                $results.Add('AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs', (Test-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyCAsGPO @mdiParams))
            }
        }
        if (Use-MDIConfigName $Configuration 'AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs') {
            if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                $results.Add('AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs', (Test-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyDCs -Detailed))
            } else {
                $results.Add('AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs', (Test-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyDCsGPO @mdiParams))
            }
        }
        if (Use-MDIConfigName $Configuration 'CAAuditing') {
            if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                $results.Add('CAAuditing', (Test-MDICAAuditing -Detailed))
            } else {
                $results.Add('CAAuditing', (Test-MDICAAuditingGPO @mdiParams))
            }
        }
        if (Use-MDIConfigName $Configuration 'ConfigurationContainerAuditing') {
            $results.Add('ConfigurationContainerAuditing', (Test-MDIConfigurationContainerAuditing -Detailed))
        }
        if (Use-MDIConfigName $Configuration 'DomainObjectAuditing') {
            $results.Add('DomainObjectAuditing', (Test-MDIDomainObjectAuditing -Detailed))
        }
        if (Use-MDIConfigName $Configuration 'EntraConnectAuditing') {
            if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                $results.Add('EntraConnectAuditing', (Test-MDIEntraConnectAuditing -Detailed -Identity $Identity))
            } else {
                $results.Add('EntraConnectAuditing', (Test-MDIEntraConnectAuditingGPO @mdiParams -Identity $Identity))
            }
        }
        if (Use-MDIConfigName $Configuration 'NTLMAuditing') {
            if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                $results.Add('NTLMAuditing', (Test-MDINTLMAuditing -Detailed))
            } else {
                $results.Add('NTLMAuditing', (Test-MDINTLMAuditingGPO @mdiParams))
            }
        }
        if (Use-MDIConfigName $Configuration 'ProcessorPerformance') {
            if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                $results.Add('ProcessorPerformance', (Test-MDIProcessorPerformance -Detailed))
            } else {
                $results.Add('ProcessorPerformance', (Test-MDIProcessorPerformanceGPO @mdiParams))
            }
        }
        if (Use-MDIConfigName $Configuration 'RemoteSAM') {
            if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                $results.Add('RemoteSAM', (Test-MDIRemoteSAM -Detailed -Identity $Identity))
            } else {
                $results.Add('RemoteSAM', (Test-MDIRemoteSAMGPO @mdiParams -Identity $Identity))
            }
        }
        if ($Configuration -contains 'All') {
            $Configuration += $results.GetEnumerator() | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name
        }
        $Configuration | Select-Object -Unique | Sort-Object -Property Configuration | Where-Object { $_ -ne 'All' } | ForEach-Object {
            [PSCustomObject]@{
                Configuration = $_
                Mode          = $Mode
                Status        = $results[$_].Status
                Details       = $results[$_].Details
            }
        }
    }

}

function Test-MDIConfiguration {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateSet('Domain', 'LocalMachine')] [string] $Mode,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateSet('AdfsAuditing', 'AdRecycleBin', 'AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs', 'AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs',
            'CAAuditing', 'ConfigurationContainerAuditing', 'DomainObjectAuditing', 'EntraConnectAuditing', 'NTLMAuditing', 'ProcessorPerformance', 'RemoteSAM', 'All')] [string[]] $Configuration
    )
    DynamicParam {
        $paramDictionary = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameterDictionary
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $false
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParam1 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("GpoNamePrefix", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $false
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParam3 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("Server", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $true
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParamIdentity = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("Identity", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        if ($Mode -eq 'Domain') {
            $paramDictionary.Add("GpoNamePrefix", $dynParam1)
            $paramDictionary.Add("Server", $dynParam3)
        }
        if ([bool](($($Configuration -join ',')) -match 'EntraConnectAuditing|RemoteSAM|All')) {
            $paramDictionary.Add("Identity", $dynParamIdentity)
        }
        return $paramDictionary
    }
    begin {
        foreach ($key in $PSBoundParameters.Keys) {
            if ($MyInvocation.MyCommand.Parameters.$key.isDynamic) {
                Set-Variable -Name $key -Value $PSBoundParameters.$key
            }
        }
    }
    process {
        $results = if ($Mode -eq 'Domain') {
            $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
            $mdiParams = @{
                Configuration = $Configuration
                Mode          = "Domain"
                GpoNamePrefix = $GpoNamePrefix
            }
            if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
            if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($Identity)) { $mdiParams.Add("Identity", $Identity) }
            Get-MDIConfiguration @mdiParams
        } else {
            Get-MDIConfiguration -Configuration $Configuration -Mode LocalMachine
        }

        if ('All' -eq $Configuration) {
            @($results | Where-Object { $_.Status -eq $false }).Count -eq 0
        } else {
            $results.Status
        }
    }
}

function Set-MDIConfiguration {
    [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $true)]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)] [ValidateSet('Domain', 'LocalMachine')] [string] $Mode,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)] [ValidateSet('AdfsAuditing', 'AdRecycleBin', 'AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs', 'AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs',
            'CAAuditing', 'ConfigurationContainerAuditing', 'DomainObjectAuditing', 'EntraConnectAuditing', 'NTLMAuditing', 'ProcessorPerformance', 'RemoteSAM', 'All')] [string[]] $Configuration,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [switch] $Force
    )
    DynamicParam {
        $paramDictionary = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameterDictionary
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $false
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParam1 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("GpoNamePrefix", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $false
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParam2 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("CreateGpoDisabled", [switch], $paramAttributesCollect)
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $false
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParam3 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("SkipGpoLink", [switch], $paramAttributesCollect)
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $false
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParam5 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("Server", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $true
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParamIdentity = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("Identity", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        if ($Mode -eq 'Domain') {
            $paramDictionary.Add("GpoNamePrefix", $dynParam1)
            $paramDictionary.Add("CreateGpoDisabled", $dynParam2)
            $paramDictionary.Add("SkipGpoLink", $dynParam3)
            $paramDictionary.Add("Server", $dynParam5)
        }
        if ([bool](($($Configuration -join ',')) -match 'EntraConnectAuditing|RemoteSAM|All')) {
            $paramDictionary.Add("Identity", $dynParamIdentity)
        }
        return $paramDictionary
    }
    begin {
        foreach ($key in $PSBoundParameters.Keys) {
            if ($MyInvocation.MyCommand.Parameters.$key.isDynamic) {
                Set-Variable -Name $key -Value $PSBoundParameters.$key
            }
        }
    }
    Process {
        $Server = Get-MDIDC -Server $Server
        foreach ($config in $Configuration) {
            $mdiParams = @{
                CreateGpoDisabled = $CreateGpoDisabled
                SkipGpoLink       = $SkipGpoLink
                GpoNamePrefix     = $GpoNamePrefix
            }
            if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($server)) { $mdiParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
            Write-Verbose ($strings['Configuration_Set'] -f $config)
            if (Use-MDIConfigName $config 'AdfsAuditing') { Set-MDIAdfsAuditing }
            if (Use-MDIConfigName $config 'AdRecycleBin') { Set-MDIAdRecycleBin }
            if (Use-MDIConfigName $config 'AdvancedAuditPolicyCAs') {
                if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                    Set-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyCAs
                } else {
                    Set-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyCAsGPO @mdiParams
                }
            }

            if (Use-MDIConfigName $config 'AdvancedAuditPolicyDCs') {
                if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                    Set-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyDCs
                } else {
                    Set-MDIAdvancedAuditPolicyDCsGPO @mdiParams
                }
            }

            if (Use-MDIConfigName $config 'CAAuditing') {
                if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                    Set-MDICAAuditing
                } else {
                    Set-MDICAAuditingGPO @mdiParams
                }
            }

            if (Use-MDIConfigName $config 'ConfigurationContainerAuditing') { Set-MDIConfigurationContainerAuditing -Force:$Force }

            if (Use-MDIConfigName $config 'DomainObjectAuditing') { Set-MDIDomainObjectAuditing }

            if (Use-MDIConfigName $config 'EntraConnectAuditing') {
                if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                    Set-MDIEntraConnectAuditing -Identity $Identity
                } else {
                    Set-MDIEntraConnectAuditingGPO @mdiParams -Identity $Identity
                }
            }

            if (Use-MDIConfigName $config 'NTLMAuditing') {
                if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                    Set-MDINTLMAuditing
                } else {
                    Set-MDINTLMAuditingGPO @mdiParams
                }
            }

            if (Use-MDIConfigName $config 'ProcessorPerformance') {
                if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                    Set-MDIProcessorPerformance
                } else {
                    Set-MDIProcessorPerformanceGPO @mdiParams
                }
            }

            if (Use-MDIConfigName $config 'RemoteSAM') {
                if ($Mode -eq 'LocalMachine') {
                    Set-MDIRemoteSAM -Identity $Identity
                } else {
                    Set-MDIRemoteSAMGPO @mdiParams -Identity $Identity
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

function New-MDIConfigurationReport {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] [string] $Path,
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [ValidateSet('Domain', 'LocalMachine')] [string] $Mode = 'Domain',
        [switch] $OpenHtmlReport
    )
    DynamicParam {
        $paramDictionary = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameterDictionary
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $false
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParam1 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("GpoNamePrefix", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $false
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParam3 = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("Server", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        $paramAttributes = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.ParameterAttribute
        $paramAttributes.Mandatory = $true
        $paramAttributesCollect = New-Object -Type System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection[System.Attribute]
        $paramAttributesCollect.Add($paramAttributes)
        $dynParamIdentity = New-Object -Type System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter("Identity", [string], $paramAttributesCollect)
        if ($Mode -eq 'Domain') {
            $paramDictionary.Add("Identity", $dynParamIdentity)
            $paramDictionary.Add("Server", $dynParam3)
        }
        return $paramDictionary
    }
    begin {
        foreach ($key in $PSBoundParameters.Keys) {
            if ($MyInvocation.MyCommand.Parameters.$key.isDynamic) {
                Set-Variable -Name $key -Value $PSBoundParameters.$key
            }
        }
    }
    process {
        if (-not(Test-Path -Path $Path)) { [void](New-Item -Path $Path -ItemType Directory -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) }
        $reportTarget = if ($Mode -eq 'Domain') { $env:USERDNSDOMAIN } else { '{0}.{1}' -f $env:COMPUTERNAME, $env:USERDNSDOMAIN }
        $getMdiConfigParams = @{
            Configuration  = "All"
            Mode           = $Mode
            GpoNamePrefix  = $GpoNamePrefix
        } 
        if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($Server)) { $getMdiConfigParams.Add("Server", $Server) }
        if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($Identity)) { $getMdiConfigParams.Add("Identity", $Identity) }
        $configurations = Get-MDIConfiguration @getMdiConfigParams

        $jsonReportFile = Resolve-MDIPath -Path (
            Join-Path -Path $Path -ChildPath ('MDI-configuration-report-{0}.json' -f $reportTarget))
        $htmlReportFile = Resolve-MDIPath -Path (
            Join-Path -Path $Path -ChildPath ('MDI-configuration-report-{0}.html' -f $reportTarget))

        $css = @'
<style>
body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif, 'Open Sans'; }
table { border-collapse: collapse; }
td, th { border: 1px solid #aeb0b5; padding: 5px; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; }
tr:nth-child(even) { background-color: #f2f2f2; }
th { padding: 8px; text-align: left; background-color: #e4e2e0; color: #212121; }
.red {background-color: #cd2026; color: #ffffff; }
.green {background-color: #4aa564; color: #212121; }
ul { list-style: none; padding-left: 0.5em;}
</style>
'@
        $colors = @{$true = 'green'; $false = 'red' }
        $status = @{$true = $strings['DomainReport_StatusPass']; $false = $strings['DomainReport_StatusFail'] }
        $tblHeader = '<tr><th>{0}</th><th>{1}</th><th>{2}</th><th>{3}</th></tr>' -f $strings['DomainReport_Configuration'],
        $strings['DomainReport_Status'], $strings['DomainReport_GpoHeader'], $strings['DomainReport_CommandToFix']
        $tblContent = @($configurations | Sort-Object Configuration | ForEach-Object {
                $gpoPrefixIfUsed = if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($GpoNamePrefix)) { '' } else { " -GpoNamePrefix $GpoNamePrefix" }
                $gpoNameTested = if ($_.Details.ToString() -match "GPO") { ($_.Details.ToString().replace(" - GPO not found",'')).replace("'",'') }
                "<tr><td><a href='https://aka.ms/mdi/{0}'>{0}</a></td><td class='{1}'>{2}</td><td>{5}</td><td>{3}{0}{4}</td></tr>" -f `
                    $_.Configuration, $colors[$_.Status], $status[$_.Status], 'Set-MDIConfiguration -Mode Domain -Configuration ', $gpoPrefixIfUsed, $(if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($gpoNameTested)) {$strings['DomainReport_GpoNotApplicable']} else {$gpoNameTested})
            }) -join [environment]::NewLine

        $htmlContent = @'
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>{0}</head><body>
<h2>{1}</h2>
{2}
<br/><br/>
<table>
{3}
{4}
</table>
<br/>
<hr>
<ul>
<li>{5}</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<br/>{6} <a href='{7}'>{7}</a><br/>
<br/>{8}
'@ -f $css, ($strings['DomainReport_Title'] -f $reportTarget), $strings['DomainReport_Subtitle'],
        $tblHeader, $tblContent, $strings['DomainReport_NoteMessage'], $strings['DomainReport_DetailsMessage'],
        $jsonReportFile, ($strings['DomainReport_CreatedBy'] -f "<a href='https://aka.ms/mdi/psmodule'>DefenderForIdentity</a>")

        Write-Verbose ('{0}: {1}' -f $strings['DomainReport_JsonMessage'], $jsonReportFile)
        $configurations | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 5 | Format-Json | Out-File -FilePath $jsonReportFile -Force -Encoding utf8

        Write-Verbose ('{0}: {1}' -f $strings['DomainReport_HtmlMessage'], $htmlReportFile)
        $htmlContent | Out-File -FilePath $htmlReportFile -Force -Encoding utf8

        $reportPath = (Resolve-Path -Path $htmlReportFile).Path
        if ($OpenHtmlReport) { Invoke-Item -Path $reportPath }
    }

}

#endregion
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