Src/Private/Get-AbrADSecurityAssessment.ps1
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function Get-AbrADSecurityAssessment { <# .SYNOPSIS Used by As Built Report to retrieve Microsoft AD Account Security Assessment information. .DESCRIPTION .NOTES Version: 0.7.14 Author: Jonathan Colon Twitter: @jcolonfzenpr Github: rebelinux .EXAMPLE .LINK #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [Parameter ( Position = 0, Mandatory)] [string] $Domain ) begin { Write-PscriboMessage "Discovering Account Security Assessment information on $Domain." } process { if ($HealthCheck.Domain.Security) { try { $LastLoggedOnDate = $(Get-Date) - $(New-TimeSpan -days 180) $PasswordStaleDate = $(Get-Date) - $(New-TimeSpan -days 180) $DomainUsers = $Users $DomainEnabledUsers = $DomainUsers | Where-Object {$_.Enabled -eq $True } | Measure-Object $DomainDisabledUsers = $DomainUsers | Where-Object {$_.Enabled -eq $false } | Measure-Object $DomainEnabledInactiveUsers = $DomainEnabledUsers | Where-Object { ($_.LastLogonDate -le $LastLoggedOnDate) -AND ($_.PasswordLastSet -le $PasswordStaleDate) } | Measure-Object $DomainUsersWithReversibleEncryptionPasswordArray = $DomainUsers | Where-Object { $_.UserAccountControl -band 0x0080 } | Measure-Object $DomainUserPasswordNotRequiredArray = $DomainUsers | Where-Object {$_.PasswordNotRequired -eq $True} | Measure-Object $DomainUserPasswordNeverExpiresArray = $DomainUsers | Where-Object {$_.PasswordNeverExpires -eq $True} | Measure-Object $DomainKerberosDESUsersArray = $DomainUsers | Where-Object { $_.UserAccountControl -band 0x200000 } | Measure-Object $DomainUserDoesNotRequirePreAuthArray = $DomainUsers | Where-Object {$_.DoesNotRequirePreAuth -eq $True} | Measure-Object $DomainUsersWithSIDHistoryArray = $DomainUsers | Where-Object {$_.SIDHistory -like "*"} | Measure-Object Write-PscriboMessage "Discovered AD Account Security Assessment information from $Domain." if ($DomainUsers) { $OutObj = @() Write-PscriboMessage "Collecting Account Security Assessment information from $($Domain)." try { $inObj = [ordered] @{ 'Total Users' = $DomainUsers.Count 'Enabled Users' = $DomainEnabledUsers.Count 'Disabled Users' = $DomainDisabledUsers.Count 'Enabled Inactive Users' = $DomainEnabledInactiveUsers.Count 'Users With Reversible Encryption Password' = $DomainUsersWithReversibleEncryptionPasswordArray.Count 'Password Not Required' = $DomainUserPasswordNotRequiredArray.Count 'Password Never Expires' = $DomainUserPasswordNeverExpiresArray.Count 'Kerberos DES Users' = $DomainKerberosDESUsersArray.Count 'Does Not Require Pre Auth' = $DomainUserDoesNotRequirePreAuthArray.Count 'Users With SID History' = $DomainUsersWithSIDHistoryArray.Count } $OutObj += [pscustomobject]$inobj } catch { Write-PscriboMessage -IsWarning "$($_.Exception.Message) (Account Security Assessment Item)" } if ($HealthCheck.Domain.Security) { $OutObj | Where-Object {$_.'Enabled Inactive Users' -gt 0} | Set-Style -Style Warning -Property 'Enabled Inactive Users' $OutObj | Where-Object {$_.'Users With Reversible Encryption Password' -gt 0} | Set-Style -Style Warning -Property 'Users With Reversible Encryption Password' $OutObj | Where-Object {$_.'User Password Not Required' -gt 0} | Set-Style -Style Warning -Property 'User Password Not Required' $OutObj | Where-Object {$_.'User Password Never Expires' -gt 0} | Set-Style -Style Warning -Property 'User Password Never Expires' $OutObj | Where-Object {$_.'Kerberos DES Users' -gt 0} | Set-Style -Style Warning -Property 'Kerberos DES Users' $OutObj | Where-Object {$_.'User Does Not Require Pre Auth' -gt 0} | Set-Style -Style Warning -Property 'User Does Not Require Pre Auth' $OutObj | Where-Object {$_.'Users With SID History' -gt 0} | Set-Style -Style Warning -Property 'Users With SID History' } $TableParams = @{ Name = "Account Security Assessment - $($Domain.ToString().ToUpper())" List = $true ColumnWidths = 40, 60 } if ($Report.ShowTableCaptions) { $TableParams['Caption'] = "- $($TableParams.Name)" } if ($Options.EnableCharts) { try { $sampleData = $inObj.GetEnumerator() | Select-Object @{ Name = 'Category'; Expression = {$_.key}},@{ Name = 'Value'; Expression = {$_.value}} $exampleChart = New-Chart -Name AccountSecurityAssessment -Width 600 -Height 400 $addChartAreaParams = @{ Chart = $exampleChart Name = 'Account Security Assessment' AxisXTitle = 'Categories' AxisYTitle = 'Number of Users' NoAxisXMajorGridLines = $true NoAxisYMajorGridLines = $true } $exampleChartArea = Add-ChartArea @addChartAreaParams -PassThru $addChartSeriesParams = @{ Chart = $exampleChart ChartArea = $exampleChartArea Name = 'exampleChartSeries' XField = 'Category' YField = 'Value' Palette = 'Blue' ColorPerDataPoint = $true } $sampleData | Add-ColumnChartSeries @addChartSeriesParams $addChartTitleParams = @{ Chart = $exampleChart ChartArea = $exampleChartArea Name = 'AccountSecurityAssessment' Text = 'Assessment' Font = New-Object -TypeName 'System.Drawing.Font' -ArgumentList @('Arial', '12', [System.Drawing.FontStyle]::Bold) } Add-ChartTitle @addChartTitleParams $chartFileItem = Export-Chart -Chart $exampleChart -Path (Get-Location).Path -Format "PNG" -PassThru if ($PassThru) { Write-Output -InputObject $chartFileItem } } catch { Write-PscriboMessage -IsWarning "$($_.Exception.Message) (Account Security Assessment Table)" } } if ($OutObj) { Section -ExcludeFromTOC -Style NOTOCHeading5 'Account Security Assessment' { Paragraph "The following section provide a summary of the Account Security Assessment on Domain $($Domain.ToString().ToUpper())." BlankLine if ($chartFileItem) { Image -Text 'Account Security Assessment - Diagram' -Align 'Center' -Percent 100 -Path $chartFileItem } $OutObj | Table @TableParams Paragraph "Health Check:" -Bold -Underline BlankLine Paragraph { Text "Corrective Actions:" -Bold Text "Ensure there aren't any account with weak security posture."} } } } } catch { Write-PscriboMessage -IsWarning "$($_.Exception.Message) (Account Security Assessment Table)" } if ($InfoLevel.Domain -ge 2) { try { Write-PscriboMessage "Discovered Privileged Users information from $Domain." if ($PrivilegedUsers) { Section -ExcludeFromTOC -Style NOTOCHeading5 'Privileged Users Assessment' { Paragraph "The following section details probable AD Admin accounts (user accounts with AdminCount set to 1) on Domain $($Domain.ToString().ToUpper())" BlankLine $OutObj = @() Write-PscriboMessage "Collecting Privileged Users Assessment information from $($Domain)." foreach ($PrivilegedUser in $PrivilegedUsers) { try { $inObj = [ordered] @{ 'Username' = $PrivilegedUser.SamAccountName 'Created' = Switch ($PrivilegedUser.Created) { $Null {'--'} default {$PrivilegedUser.Created.ToShortDateString()} } 'Password Last Set' = Switch ($PrivilegedUser.PasswordLastSet) { $Null {'--'} default {$PrivilegedUser.PasswordLastSet.ToShortDateString()} } 'Last Logon Date' = Switch ($PrivilegedUser.LastLogonDate) { $Null {'--'} default {$PrivilegedUser.LastLogonDate.ToShortDateString()} } } $OutObj += [pscustomobject]$inobj } catch { Write-PscriboMessage -IsWarning "$($_.Exception.Message) (Privileged Users Assessment Item)" } } $TableParams = @{ Name = "Privileged User Assessment - $($Domain.ToString().ToUpper())" List = $false ColumnWidths = 40, 20, 20, 20 } if ($Report.ShowTableCaptions) { $TableParams['Caption'] = "- $($TableParams.Name)" } $OutObj | Table @TableParams Paragraph "Health Check:" -Bold -Underline BlankLine Paragraph { Text "Corrective Actions:" -Bold Text "Ensure there aren't any account with weak security posture." } } } } catch { Write-PscriboMessage -IsWarning "$($_.Exception.Message) (Account Security Assessment Table)" } try { Write-PscriboMessage "Discovered Inactive Privileged Accounts information from $Domain." $InactivePrivilegedUsers = $PrivilegedUsers | Where-Object {($_.LastLogonDate -le (Get-Date).AddDays(-30)) -AND ($_.PasswordLastSet -le (Get-Date).AddDays(-365)) -and ($_.SamAccountName -ne 'krbtgt') -and ($_.SamAccountName -ne 'Administrator') } if ($InactivePrivilegedUsers) { Section -ExcludeFromTOC -Style NOTOCHeading5 'Inactive Privileged Accounts' { Paragraph "The following section details privileged accounts with the following filter (LastLogonDate >=30 days and PasswordLastSet >= 365 days) on Domain $($Domain.ToString().ToUpper())" BlankLine $OutObj = @() Write-PscriboMessage "Collecting Inactive Privileged Accounts information from $($Domain)." foreach ($InactivePrivilegedUser in $InactivePrivilegedUsers) { try { $inObj = [ordered] @{ 'Username' = $InactivePrivilegedUser.SamAccountName 'Created' = Switch ($InactivePrivilegedUser.Created) { $Null {'--'} default {$InactivePrivilegedUser.Created.ToShortDateString()} } 'Password Last Set' = Switch ($InactivePrivilegedUser.PasswordLastSet) { $Null {'--'} default {$InactivePrivilegedUser.PasswordLastSet.ToShortDateString()} } 'Last Logon Date' = Switch ($InactivePrivilegedUser.LastLogonDate) { $Null {'--'} default {$InactivePrivilegedUser.LastLogonDate.ToShortDateString()} } } $OutObj += [pscustomobject]$inobj } catch { Write-PscriboMessage -IsWarning "$($_.Exception.Message) (Inactive Privileged Accounts Item)" } } if ($HealthCheck.Domain.Security) { $OutObj | Set-Style -Style Warning } $TableParams = @{ Name = "Inactive Privileged Accounts - $($Domain.ToString().ToUpper())" List = $false ColumnWidths = 40, 20, 20, 20 } if ($Report.ShowTableCaptions) { $TableParams['Caption'] = "- $($TableParams.Name)" } $OutObj | Table @TableParams Paragraph "Health Check:" -Bold -Underline BlankLine Paragraph { Text "Corrective Actions:" -Bold Text "Unused or underutilized accounts in highly privileged groups, outside of any break-glass emergency accounts like the default Administrator account, should have their AD Admin privileges removed." } } } } catch { Write-PscriboMessage -IsWarning "$($_.Exception.Message) (Account Security Assessment Table)" } try { $DC = Invoke-Command -Session $TempPssSession {(Get-ADDomain -Identity $using:Domain).ReplicaDirectoryServers | Select-Object -First 1} $UserSPNs = Invoke-Command -Session $TempPssSession {Get-ADUser -ResultPageSize 1000 -Server $using:Domain -filter {ServicePrincipalName -like '*'} -Properties AdminCount,PasswordLastSet,LastLogonDate,ServicePrincipalName,TrustedForDelegation,TrustedtoAuthForDelegation} Write-PscriboMessage "Discovered Service Accounts information from $Domain." if ($UserSPNs) { Section -ExcludeFromTOC -Style NOTOCHeading5 'Service Accounts Assessment' { Paragraph "The following section details probable AD Service Accounts (user accounts with SPNs) on Domain $($Domain.ToString().ToUpper())" BlankLine $OutObj = @() Write-PscriboMessage "Collecting Service Accounts information from $($Domain)." $AdminCount = ($UserSPNs | Where-Object {$_.AdminCount -eq 1 -and $_.SamAccountName -ne 'krbtgt' }).Name foreach ($UserSPN in $UserSPNs) { try { $inObj = [ordered] @{ 'Username' = $UserSPN.SamAccountName 'Enabled' = ConvertTo-TextYN $UserSPN.Enabled 'Password Last Set' = Switch ($UserSPN.PasswordLastSet) { $Null {'--'} default {$UserSPN.PasswordLastSet.ToShortDateString()} } 'Last Logon Date' = Switch ($UserSPN.LastLogonDate) { $Null {'--'} default {$UserSPN.LastLogonDate.ToShortDateString()} } 'Service Principal Name' = $UserSPN.ServicePrincipalName } $OutObj += [pscustomobject]$inobj } catch { Write-PscriboMessage -IsWarning "$($_.Exception.Message) (Service Accounts Assessment Item)" } } if ($HealthCheck.Domain.Security) { foreach ( $OBJ in ($OutObj | Where-Object {$_.'Username' -in $AdminCount})) { $OBJ.Username = "** $($OBJ.Username)" } } $TableParams = @{ Name = "Service Accounts Assessment - $($Domain.ToString().ToUpper())" List = $false ColumnWidths = 30, 12, 14, 14, 30 } if ($Report.ShowTableCaptions) { $TableParams['Caption'] = "- $($TableParams.Name)" } $OutObj | Table @TableParams Paragraph "Health Check:" -Bold -Underline BlankLine if ($OutObj | Where-Object {$_.'Username' -match '\*'}) { Paragraph { Text "Security Best Practice:" -Bold Text "**Attackers are most interested in Service Accounts that are members of highly privileged groups like Domain Admins. A quick way to check for this is to enumerate all user accounts with the attribute AdminCount equal to 1. This means an attacker may just ask AD for all user accounts with a SPN and with AdminCount=1. Ensure that there are no privileged accounts that have SPNs assigned to them. " } } } } } catch { Write-PscriboMessage -IsWarning "$($_.Exception.Message) (Account Security Assessment Table)" } } } } end {} } |